{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T20:28:51Z","timestamp":1779913731232,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":359,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004052","name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2020.2989626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,22]],"date-time":"2020-04-22T16:21:49Z","timestamp":1587572509000},"page":"1539-1591","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["A Journey From Improper Gaussian Signaling to Asymmetric Signaling"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3385-3427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidrah","family":"Javed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0026-5960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osama","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4434-4334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basem","family":"Shihada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4827-1793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed-Slim","family":"Alouini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECOC.2017.8346120"},{"key":"ref274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OFC.2017.Th5B.2"},{"key":"ref277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2010.01.080897"},{"key":"ref276","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2017.2758370"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECOC.2017.8346080"},{"key":"ref270","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2015.7263349"},{"key":"ref273","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OFC.2018.M4E.4"},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-2937-2"},{"key":"ref272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPHOT.2010.2051219"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2006.871858"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2006.873505"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/S0040585X97976696"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITA.2011.5743596"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOM.1977.1093927"},{"key":"ref175","author":"cover","year":"2006","journal-title":"Elements of Information Theory"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2013.08.010"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2011.04.007"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2010.2101067"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2007.913134"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.370165"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1982.1056447"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2008.2008970"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2004.839538"},{"key":"ref359","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2018.2868670"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470742624"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2009.11.026"},{"key":"ref357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2016.7452277"},{"key":"ref267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2009.090513"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1967.1054040"},{"key":"ref358","article-title":"Buffer sizing for multi-hop networks","author":"shihada","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/25.820713"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SAM.2004.1502990"},{"key":"ref355","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2017.2729539"},{"key":"ref269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OFC.2017.W4A.6"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.539051"},{"key":"ref356","first-page":"1","article-title":"Proper time-sharing as a baseline for studying improper signaling in interference channels","author":"hellings","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc of International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas (WSA)"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2015.2394488"},{"key":"ref352","first-page":"1","article-title":"On the worst-case noise in Gaussian MIMO systems with proper and with improper signaling","author":"hellings","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc of International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas (WSA)"},{"key":"ref288","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2009.0901.060565"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2018.2872987"},{"key":"ref287","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.986036"},{"key":"ref354","first-page":"1","article-title":"High-SNR analysis of improper signaling in the MIMO broadcast channel with TIN","author":"hellings","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc 12th Int ITG Conf Syst Commun Coding (SCC)"},{"key":"ref286","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.737643"},{"key":"ref353","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2003.817421"},{"key":"ref285","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MILCOM.1998.722562"},{"key":"ref284","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1684(95)00141-7"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2011.5946262"},{"key":"ref283","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2017.2739098"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2017.2679681"},{"key":"ref350","first-page":"897","article-title":"ML frequency offset and carrier phase estimation in OFDM systems with noncircular transmissions","author":"fusco","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc 12th Eur Signal Process Conf"},{"key":"ref282","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2004.831357"},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2002.1013127"},{"key":"ref280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/321450"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RADAR.2016.7485303"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471439002"},{"key":"ref183","first-page":"93","article-title":"Multivariate information transmission","volume":"it 4","author":"mcgill","year":"1954","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Theory"},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2009.05.013"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2011.2162951"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2003.818865"},{"key":"ref187","author":"mardia","year":"1979","journal-title":"Multivariate Analysis"},{"key":"ref186","first-page":"1","article-title":"An impropriety test based on block-skew-circulant matrices","author":"hellings","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc of International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas (WSA)"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.730453"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.901138"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2016.2639459"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2019.2896058"},{"key":"ref348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2008.926344"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.01.034"},{"key":"ref349","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.4460100604","article-title":"Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels","volume":"10","author":"telatar","year":"1999","journal-title":"European Journal of Telecommunications"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1109\/26.898259","article-title":"a new family of mmse multiuser receivers for interference suppression in ds\/cdma systems employing bpsk modulation","volume":"49","author":"buzzi","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Communications"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2011.04.033"},{"key":"ref344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2016.7842083"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2005.862946"},{"key":"ref345","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.916132"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2015.2395992"},{"key":"ref346","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RWS.2013.6486683"},{"key":"ref278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSA.2011.5741912"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOMW.2011.6162598"},{"key":"ref347","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2012.2217361"},{"key":"ref279","first-page":"1","article-title":"Widely linear MMSE transceiver for real-valued sequences over MIMO channel","author":"mattera","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc IEEE 14th Eur Signal Process Conf"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2005.863766"},{"key":"ref293","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1684(98)00035-8"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2018.2880765"},{"key":"ref292","volume":"95","author":"simon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Digital Communication Over Fading Channels"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2018.2853629"},{"key":"ref295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2019.2897797"},{"key":"ref294","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2009.5199106"},{"key":"ref297","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471221317.ch8"},{"key":"ref296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2017.8254795"},{"key":"ref299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-246X.1983.tb02825.x"},{"key":"ref298","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2011.2160631"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.74.041601"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.13.2226"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2006.1659974"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2011.5947247"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2016.2599503"},{"key":"ref291","first-page":"1","article-title":"Widely linear processing in MIMO FBMC\/OQAM systems","author":"cheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Int Symp on Wireless Commun Syst (ISWCS)"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2010.2085444","article-title":"An augmented echo state network for nonlinear adaptive filtering of complex noncircular signals","volume":"22","author":"xia","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw"},{"key":"ref290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISWCS.2015.7454426"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470575758"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2011.2159841"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2010.2043985"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-7471(72)90002-2"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-7471(73)90027-2"},{"key":"ref289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2011.2125959"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2330093"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7953416"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2016.7472361"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2015.2498604"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2020.2971681"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"50","article-title":"Overlay spectrum sharing using improper Gaussian signaling","volume":"35","author":"amin","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Areas Commun"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2016.2547918"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2014.2360179"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2005.864440"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2010.06.024"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2011.2138701"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2304897"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3795(95)00543-9"},{"key":"ref163","first-page":"1","article-title":"Theory of quaternions","volume":"3","author":"hamilton","year":"1844","journal-title":"Proc Roy Irish Acad"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2010.2083655"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2014.011014.130458"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2013.020813.120576"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2002.808085"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.554305"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511815911"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2008.2005050"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC.2018.8377330"},{"key":"ref159","first-page":"4","article-title":"Efficient 1-D and 2-D DOA estimation for non-circular sources with hexagonal shaped ESPAR arrays","volume":"4","author":"roemer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Acoust Speech Signal Process (ICASSP)"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2011.2162954"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2016.2621767"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2012.2183689"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2018.2888690"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6638177"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4234.848408"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4234.552140"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2003.816992"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/26.843190"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2012.2184638"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2009.2018329"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOM.1987.1096738"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2010.2048440"},{"key":"ref320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2010.5757851"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2003.1201782"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2013.2282186"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCSP.2018.8555583"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2018.2878030"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VETECS.2011.5956623"},{"key":"ref318","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2004.01.008"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/EUSIPCO.2017.8081668"},{"key":"ref317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.101"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2010.2053895"},{"key":"ref316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4842-5349-6"},{"key":"ref74","first-page":"1","article-title":"Iterative algorithms for transceiver design in MIMO broadcast channels with improper signaling","author":"hellings","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc 10th Int ITG Conf Syst Commun Coding (SCC)"},{"key":"ref315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27658"},{"key":"ref75","author":"kariminezhad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Improper signaling and symbol extensions How far can we go with GaussianP2P codebooks in the interfering MAC with TIN?"},{"key":"ref314","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/58.3.453"},{"key":"ref313","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msv334"},{"key":"ref312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(01)02973-8"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2014.2354356"},{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.01.007"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2013.6655009"},{"key":"ref319","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EUSIPCO.2015.7362778"},{"key":"ref310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(2001)040<0365:AOPCAT>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WiSPNET.2017.8299753"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7952895"},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"Reduced-entropy signals in MIMO communication systems","author":"hellings","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref305","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2006.870645"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2672543"},{"key":"ref304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.114"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2018.2884986"},{"key":"ref307","first-page":"250","article-title":"Principal component analysis for feature extraction of image sequence","volume":"1","author":"xiao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Comput Commun Technol Agri Eng"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2016.2520935"},{"key":"ref306","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.04.072"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2017.2679706"},{"key":"ref301","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2007.904742"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2007.909269"},{"key":"ref300","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2015.2488651"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JCN.2013.000069"},{"key":"ref303","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(00)00009-1"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2016.2639778"},{"key":"ref302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCICA.2006.1714240"},{"key":"ref309","author":"jolliffe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Principal Component Analysis"},{"key":"ref308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.3844\/jcssp.2012.1428.1433","article-title":"Principal component analysis based feature extraction, morphological edge detection and localization for fast Iris recognition","volume":"8","author":"suganthy","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Comput Sci"},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INMMIC.2015.7330366"},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2017.7997183"},{"key":"ref199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2019.2939310"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2013.100913.130282"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2015.2469635"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2015.2396517"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2016.2535441"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC.2018.8377150"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2016.7472384"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2003.818911"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2017.7996880"},{"key":"ref191","author":"krishnan","year":"2015","journal-title":"On the Impact of Phase Noise in Communication Systems&#x2014;Performance Analysis and Algorithms"},{"key":"ref92","first-page":"1","article-title":"Widely linear signal processing for two-way relaying with MIMO amplify and forward relays","author":"zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Int Symp on Wireless Commun Syst (ISWCS)"},{"key":"ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-6903-1"},{"key":"ref342","year":"2009","journal-title":"MUROS Downlink Receiver Performance for Interference and Sensitivity"},{"key":"ref91","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optimal non-regenerative relay processing with improper signals","author":"ho","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Int Symp on Wireless Commun Syst (ISWCS)"},{"key":"ref343","year":"2009","journal-title":"MUROS Uplink Receiver Performance"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTC.2012.6386770"},{"key":"ref340","article-title":"Receiver and method for rejecting cochannel interference","author":"otterseten","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VETECF.2003.1285189"},{"key":"ref336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2004.826170"},{"key":"ref335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2009.4960399"},{"key":"ref334","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2003.1292015"},{"key":"ref333","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2017.2717945"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2004.1326204"},{"key":"ref339","first-page":"1","article-title":"On the blind separation of non-circular sources","author":"de lathauwer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc IEEE 11th Eur Signal Process Conf"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1684(01)00071-8","article-title":"A non-circular sources direction finding method using polynomial rooting","volume":"81","author":"charg\u00e9","year":"2001","journal-title":"Signal Process"},{"key":"ref338","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCCAS.2008.4657918"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2012.122212.111962"},{"key":"ref337","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.899394"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2018.2884456"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2012.071612.111338"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2013.2254480"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2015.2489604"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6638486"},{"key":"ref330","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2050-7038.12089"},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/npg-13-467-2006"},{"key":"ref80","first-page":"4","article-title":"Potential of improper-complex signaling in communications over two-user interference channel","author":"kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc 6th Int Workshop Signal Design Appl Commun"},{"key":"ref332","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MLSP.2016.7738840"},{"key":"ref323","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2013.2285783"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2017.2759109"},{"key":"ref322","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0020217"},{"key":"ref325","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2010.5495851"},{"key":"ref324","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2003.822359"},{"key":"ref327","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2015.7178628"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2014.6853775"},{"key":"ref326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2008.03.022"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2015.2414913"},{"key":"ref329","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-6154-8_10"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3350","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2016.2584601","article-title":"On the superiority of improper Gaussian signaling in wireless interference MIMO scenarios","volume":"64","author":"morancho","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Commun"},{"key":"ref328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2011.05.038"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2016.2641948"},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2018.8647577"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2004.838716"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2008.924143"},{"key":"ref209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC.2017.7925572"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2017.8254229"},{"key":"ref204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2013.103013.130439"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2013.6655414"},{"key":"ref202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2016.2577029"},{"key":"ref207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2009.090109"},{"key":"ref208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC.2015.7343303"},{"key":"ref205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOMW.2014.7063526"},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2012.010312.102034"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2019.2905959"},{"key":"ref210","author":"soleymani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Performance analysis of MIMO K-user interference channels with hardware impairments"},{"key":"ref212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2019.2901993"},{"key":"ref213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2019.2910549"},{"key":"ref214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2019.2893195"},{"key":"ref215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e21100922"},{"key":"ref216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2015.2396511"},{"key":"ref217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6638487"},{"key":"ref218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e20010045"},{"key":"ref219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511804441"},{"key":"ref220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1561\/0100000088","article-title":"Energy efficiency in wireless networks via fractional programming theory","volume":"11","author":"zappone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Found Trends Commun Inf Theory"},{"key":"ref222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2007.914876","article-title":"Dynamic spectrum management: Complexity and duality","volume":"2","author":"luo","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Topics Signal Process"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2010.2092772"},{"key":"ref229","author":"gross","year":"2004","journal-title":"Handbook of Graph Theory"},{"key":"ref228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2009.080649"},{"key":"ref227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2011.2182343"},{"key":"ref226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2011.2147784"},{"key":"ref225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2003.818339"},{"key":"ref224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2006.872889"},{"key":"ref223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2013894"},{"key":"ref127","author":"hayt","year":"1986","journal-title":"Engineering Circuit Analysis"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2015.2475242"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2014.12.009"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2013.2287951"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2008.926106"},{"key":"ref128","author":"proakis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Digital Communications"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MLSP.2007.4414337"},{"key":"ref133","author":"hanson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Visualizing Quaternions"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2006.870630"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2002.807322"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.914526"},{"key":"ref232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTC46691.2019.8939884"},{"key":"ref233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2019.2953665"},{"key":"ref230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2009.10.001"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-03848-8_5"},{"key":"ref239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/7.722715"},{"key":"ref238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/7.640267"},{"key":"ref235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2036049"},{"key":"ref234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3795(94)90341-7"},{"key":"ref237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-spr.2011.0128"},{"key":"ref236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPAWC.2009.5161847"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.906773"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.960432"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2008.2010600"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065708001403"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2014.2364790"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2017.2787102"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2848202"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2004.04.001"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02783649922066213"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.340781"},{"key":"ref144","first-page":"23","article-title":"On properness of quaternion valued random variables","author":"amblard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Math Signal Process (IMA)"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.243446"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2009.2035920"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2017.2768024"},{"key":"ref242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2011.110711.100414"},{"key":"ref243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JCN.2015.000003"},{"key":"ref244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SSAP.2000.870103"},{"key":"ref240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2027461"},{"key":"ref248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2014.2358274"},{"key":"ref247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.1984.1146101"},{"key":"ref246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.256499"},{"key":"ref245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECOC.2017.8346117"},{"key":"ref249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2015.2510034"},{"key":"ref109","article-title":"Complex-valued data estimation","author":"trampitsch","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2017.2773428"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSIPN.2015.2476916"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.911278"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/36525"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2007.908636","article-title":"A class of complex ICA algorithms based on the kurtosis cost function","volume":"19","author":"li","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2011.07.020"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2012.6288723"},{"key":"ref111","author":"lang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Classical Widely Linear Estimation of Real Valued Parameter Vectors in Complex Valued Environments"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2009.2028412"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.403373"},{"key":"ref250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2015.2494016"},{"key":"ref251","first-page":"1","article-title":"Low-complexity shaping for enhanced nonlinearity tolerance","author":"cho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc 42nd Eur Conf Opt Commun (ECOC)"},{"key":"ref254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ic.2012.0097"},{"key":"ref255","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of linear and widely linear processing in MIMO-FBMC systems","author":"caus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Int Symp on Wireless Commun Syst (ISWCS)"},{"key":"ref252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2016.2594296"},{"key":"ref253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2015.2436064"},{"key":"ref257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2019.2916857"},{"key":"ref256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2037347"},{"key":"ref259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2016.2574343"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.679565"},{"key":"ref258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2010.938758"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2006.885922"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1440994"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0485(1978)008<0627:OTIOOC>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISTEL.2014.7000676"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Long memory estimation for complex-valued time series","volume":"29","author":"knight","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stat Comput"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JC079i036p05625"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2004.836948"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2017.2686334"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2014.2361459"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2011.2159409"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2012.2214953"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/0100000047"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2008.4518333"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2008.4712140"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC.1995.480959"},{"key":"ref115","first-page":"147","article-title":"Linear and widely linear filtering applied to iterative detection of generalized MIMO signals","volume":"60","author":"witzke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annales des T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communications"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2012.2212433"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2012.2183773"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/9781139084291"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118579749"},{"key":"ref260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2012.032612.2308"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2009.090103"},{"key":"ref262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2013.2292513"},{"key":"ref263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2007.06104"},{"key":"ref264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2013.122713.132526"},{"key":"ref265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OFC.2011.OMU2"},{"key":"ref266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2017.2762671"}],"container-title":["IEEE Communications Surveys &amp; Tutorials"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/9739\/9173582\/09076203.pdf?arnumber=9076203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T12:58:57Z","timestamp":1651064337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9076203\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":359,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/comst.2020.2989626","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.36227\/techrxiv.12193941.v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.36227\/techrxiv.12193941","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-877X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2373-745X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}