{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T15:41:49Z","timestamp":1784216509508,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":268,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003009","name":"Science and Technology Development Fund, Macau, SAR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0188\/2023\/RIA3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0188\/2023\/RIA3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62371457"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62371457"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61871387"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871387"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019033","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China and Shandong Province, China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFB3901300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFB3901300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2024.3436082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T21:10:05Z","timestamp":1722460205000},"page":"870-911","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Breaking the Interference and Fading Gridlock in Backscatter Communications: State-of-the-Art, Design Challenges, and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9506-328X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bowen","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3694-1852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4446-5216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiyang","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5346-3162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gongpu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9419-7195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chintha","family":"Tellambura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2023.3274934"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"State of IoT 2023: Number of connected IoT devices growing 16% to 16.7 billion globally","author":"Sinha","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Why your Internet habits are not as clean as you think","author":"Griffiths","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"Green IoT: The shift to practical sustainability","author":"Glickman","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2019.2962526"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202100698"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"Study on Ambient IoT","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref8","volume-title":"Discussion on feasibility assessment and required functionalities for Ambient IoT","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Study on Architecture support of ambient power-enabled Internet of Things","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Study on Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in RAN; (Release 18)","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2017.8057162"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07321"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2022.3202634"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12541-011-0151-3"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2016.7462480"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WF-IoT.2019.8767234"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSSC.2010.936667"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2018.2848361"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2018.2837678"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"312","article-title":"A 28\u03bcW IoT tag that can communicate with commodity Wi-Fi transceivers via a single-side-band QPSK backscatter communication technique","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE ISSCC","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492358"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2014.020314.130559"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2022.3209644"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2023.3259224"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2019.2949598"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2018.2841964"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/JCIN.2019.8917868"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/JCC.2019.07.009"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8020129"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ICN.2020.0013"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-019-1391-7"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52953\/WGCC2777"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2020.3012466"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMW.2021.3110058"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2021.3125285"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2021.3095792"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2022.103518"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3227499"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109235"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3299210"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2023.3278239"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.os-1.11.130"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MAP.2012.6348173"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JRPROC.1948.226245"},{"key":"ref45","volume-title":"Radio transmission systems with modulatable passive responder","author":"Harris","year":"1960"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2013.120713.130417"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470868023"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11853565_29"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3300061.3345451"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.1900112"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2954678"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2024.3389114"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544216.3544270"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWSYM.2017.8058860"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3110942"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.001.1900109"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617328"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341302.3342091"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2014.2368999"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en11051258"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2016.2515843"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2021.3127930"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2834225"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2015.2478460"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2017.2758767"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"191","article-title":"Spatial stream backscatter using commodity Wi-Fi","volume-title":"Proc. ACM MobiSys","author":"Zhao"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3230543.3230567"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2018.2801803"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3197596"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3603269.3604814"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2486001.2486015"},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"243","article-title":"FM backscatter: Enabling connected cities and smart fabrics","volume-title":"Proc. 14th USENIX Symp. Netw. Syst. Design Implement. (NSDI)","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3387514.3405861"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2994551.2994565"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3143361.3143374"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3581791.3597368"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2015.2495718"},{"key":"ref78","volume-title":"N6841A RF Sensor","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref79","volume-title":"How much does an RFID tag cost today?","author":"Roberti","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref80","volume-title":"HMC190BMS8"},{"key":"ref81","volume-title":"MSP430 FR5969","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3131672.3136996"},{"key":"ref83","volume-title":"SEMTECH SX1276\/77\/77\/79"},{"key":"ref84","volume-title":"SEMTECH LLCC68"},{"key":"ref85","volume-title":"Speedway R420 data sheet","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref86","volume-title":"WSG30 gateway","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2740070.2626312"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3369825"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2017.2765635"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LMWC.2021.3117033"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2023.3290298"},{"key":"ref92","first-page":"895","article-title":"VMscatter: A versatile MIMO backscatter","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX NSDI\u201920","author":"Liu"},{"key":"ref93","first-page":"1","article-title":"Syncscatter: Enabling Wi-Fi like synchronization and range for Wi-Fi backscatter communication","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX NSDI","author":"Dunna"},{"key":"ref94","first-page":"1","article-title":"SubScatter: Sub-symbol Wi-Fi backscatter for high throughput","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE ICNP","author":"Yuan"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2019.2938162"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM41043.2020.9155452"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386367.3432883"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386901.3388949"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3458864.3466865"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3130970"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3384419.3430719"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3447993.3483261"},{"key":"ref103","first-page":"437","article-title":"Saiyan: Design and implementation of a low-power demodulator for Lora backscatter systems","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX NSDI","author":"Guo"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2018.2848361"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2787153"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MILCOM.2014.140"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3172961"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2009.080834"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2019.2936196"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2023.3263508"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2023.3259687"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LMWC.2009.2013676"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RFID.2010.5467234"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2021.3063349"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2021.3109020"},{"key":"ref116","first-page":"913","article-title":"Passive DSSS: Empowering the downlink communication for backscatter systems","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX NSDI","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBC.2022.3142962"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2023.3316617"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2024.3355503"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2019.2960381"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2020.3038860"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2017.2772261"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2799848"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2019.2899301"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2934872.2934901"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2019.2932741"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2019.2934101"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2020.3011520"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372224.3380880"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2020.3013239"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3042018"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2619239.2626312"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2856633"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCW.2019.8757120"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.3029340"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2023.3285250"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386901.3388914"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3057360"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3077094"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2023.3290370"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2021.3097737"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2021.3056714"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2022.3201119"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPAWC.2017.8227717"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RFID.2014.6810724"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/wispnet.2017.8299928"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RFID-TA.2018.8552806"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2020.2982645"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2020.2985360"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2021.3095969"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2021.3122429"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2947399"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2019.2938750"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3174002"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2014.2356581"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2377677.2377685"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2829988.2787477"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2721896.2721902"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2789168.2790101"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3117811.3117828"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3241539.3241544"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2017.2697864"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2019.2937439"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2955909"},{"key":"ref165","article-title":"Exploiting hybrid active and passive multiple access via slotted ALOHA-driven backscatter communications","author":"Gu","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv:2209.12526"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012713"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2020.3014917"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2022.3155707"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2023.3348200"},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2864967"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2019.2957490"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC42927.2021.9500839"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.3014500"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.3037152"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WiSPNET48689.2020.9198357"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2017.8254467"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2022.3198703"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2023.3274796"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2011.061011.110276"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2010.2071355"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2732948"},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2023.3240463"},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3210240.3210329"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2018.2871154"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2023.3279668"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3000823"},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.2973048"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2021.3102111"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2022.3231907"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.002.2200686"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EuCAP.2016.7481962"},{"key":"ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2017.8057162"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386901.3388918"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2017.2725829"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.3010544"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485730.3485939"},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2022.3213913"},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2021.3083841"},{"key":"ref199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2022.3205888"},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2020.3016174"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3414045.3415942"},{"key":"ref202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.3029225"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3024666"},{"key":"ref204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2021.3116509"},{"key":"ref205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3165159"},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2022.3196086"},{"key":"ref207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2875719"},{"key":"ref208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM42002.2020.9347981"},{"key":"ref209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2022.3179019"},{"key":"ref210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2018.2809613"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2019.2925080"},{"key":"ref212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2924977"},{"key":"ref213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3096652"},{"key":"ref214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2927352"},{"key":"ref215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2023.3243161"},{"key":"ref216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.2991227"},{"key":"ref217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2019.2962415"},{"key":"ref218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3193104"},{"key":"ref219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3241539.3241553"},{"key":"ref220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2019.8737551"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386901.3388942"},{"key":"ref222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RFID52461.2021.9444320"},{"key":"ref223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2019.2931900"},{"key":"ref224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2020.3025951"},{"key":"ref225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2019.2953641"},{"key":"ref226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2020.3025951"},{"key":"ref227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2021.3088676"},{"key":"ref228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2022.3197614"},{"key":"ref229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2021.3128544"},{"key":"ref230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2023.3324636"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2020.2997027"},{"key":"ref232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2021.3073353"},{"key":"ref233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3262517"},{"key":"ref234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2022.3169622"},{"key":"ref235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IMCOM48794.2020.9001811"},{"key":"ref236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3150418"},{"key":"ref237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2022.3231861"},{"key":"ref238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2023.3306037"},{"key":"ref239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3087582"},{"key":"ref240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2022.3232734"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2021.3127190"},{"key":"ref242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2022.3220158"},{"key":"ref243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3224587"},{"key":"ref244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2021.3113806"},{"key":"ref245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2021.3083110"},{"key":"ref246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2021.3100009"},{"key":"ref247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2022.3163574"},{"key":"ref248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2022.3202362"},{"key":"ref249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3185124"},{"key":"ref250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2023.3346198"},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2023.3277519"},{"key":"ref252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2016.2621116"},{"key":"ref253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2022.3148722"},{"key":"ref254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.001.2100247"},{"key":"ref255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.1900112"},{"key":"ref256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.006.00340"},{"key":"ref257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GIOTS.2017.8016241"},{"key":"ref258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2022.3159777"},{"key":"ref259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3300061.3345451"},{"key":"ref260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2300212"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2024.110235"},{"key":"ref262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2022.3231893"},{"key":"ref263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2024.3380841"},{"key":"ref264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2024.3422026"},{"key":"ref265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3129787"},{"key":"ref266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2936094"},{"key":"ref267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109135"},{"key":"ref268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM54140.2023.10436857"}],"container-title":["IEEE Communications Surveys &amp; Tutorials"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/9739\/10981837\/10616210.pdf?arnumber=10616210","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T18:01:21Z","timestamp":1746468081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10616210\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":268,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/comst.2024.3436082","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-877X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2373-745X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}}}