{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T04:21:17Z","timestamp":1775881277408,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"IEEE","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/dsn.2009.5270316","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,30]],"date-time":"2009-09-30T18:41:36Z","timestamp":1254336096000},"page":"369-378","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["System safety as an emergent property in composite systems"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Black","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Koopman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"19","article-title":"model-based analysis of socio-technical risk","author":"leveson","year":"2004"},{"key":"17","author":"leveson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Safeware - System Safety and Computers"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.825764"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/581352.581353"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/587051.587070"},{"key":"13","article-title":"specifying message passing and time-critical systems with temporal logic","volume":"651","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.730542"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/22719.22947"},{"key":"12","first-page":"145","article-title":"specifying software quality requirements with metrics","author":"keller","year":"1990","journal-title":"System and Software Requirements Engineering"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/87.641405"},{"key":"20","year":"0"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.142871"},{"key":"23","article-title":"problem-solving in artificial intelligence","author":"nilsson","year":"1971","journal-title":"McGraw-Hill Computer Science series"},{"key":"24","article-title":"an examination of sudden acceleration","author":"pollard","year":"1989"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MELECON.2002.1014583"},{"key":"26","first-page":"230","article-title":"on computable numbers, with an application to the entscheidungsproblem","volume":"42","author":"turing","year":"1936","journal-title":"Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society"},{"key":"3","article-title":"classification of safety requirements for formal verification of software models for industrial automation systems","author":"bitsch","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Intl Conf on SW and Sys Engineering and their Applications (ICSSEA 2000)"},{"key":"2","author":"bass","year":"1972","journal-title":"Software Architecture in Practice"},{"key":"10","first-page":"411","article-title":"emergent phenomena and complexity","author":"darley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Artificial Life IV Proc of the 4th Workshop on Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems"},{"key":"1","year":"0"},{"key":"7","first-page":"775","article-title":"emergence and artificial life","author":"cariani","year":"1991","journal-title":"Artificial Life II Proc of the 2nd Workshop on Artificial Life"},{"key":"6","first-page":"59","article-title":"the feature interaction problem in telecommunications systems","author":"bowen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Software Engineering for Telecommunication Switching Systems 1989 SETSS 89 Seventh International Conference on"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PRDC.2008.29"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45416-0_18","article-title":"safety patterns - the key to formal specification of safety requirements","volume":"2187","author":"bitsch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science"},{"key":"9","year":"0"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-6423(93)90021-G"}],"event":{"name":"Networks (DSN)","location":"Lisbon, Portugal","start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,29]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,2]]}},"container-title":["2009 IEEE\/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems &amp; Networks"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx5\/5243642\/5270274\/05270316.pdf?arnumber=5270316","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]],"date-time":"2017-06-19T00:17:16Z","timestamp":1497831436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/5270316\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/dsn.2009.5270316","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}}}