{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T06:45:22Z","timestamp":1765003522135,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759017600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759017600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/ecoc66593.2025.11263324","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T18:36:10Z","timestamp":1764959770000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Training Time, Economics, and Energy for Distributed AI Training in the GenAI Era"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Venkata Virajit","family":"Garbhapu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Communication Technology Lab,Huawei,France"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Charlet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Communication Technology Lab,Huawei,France"}]},{"given":"Yvan","family":"Pointurier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Communication Technology Lab,Huawei,France"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"volume-title":"100,000 h100 clusters: Power, network topology, ethernet vs infiniband, reliability, failures, checkpointing","year":"2023","author":"Nishball","key":"ref1"},{"volume-title":"The rising costs of training frontier ai models","year":"2025","author":"Cottier","key":"ref2"},{"volume-title":"From words to watts: Benchmarking the energy costs of large language model inference","year":"2023","author":"Samsi","key":"ref3"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/acp\/ipoc63121.2024.10809882"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Optical networks for distributed ai training: Flow completion time and training time analysis","volume-title":"ONDM","author":"Pointurier","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3678015.3680478"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3651890.3672243"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3651890.3672233"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Qwen2.5 technical report","volume-title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.15115","author":"Yang","year":"2024"},{"volume-title":"The llama 3 herd of models","year":"2024","author":"Grattafiori","key":"ref10"},{"volume-title":"Zhejiang. Lab., Zhejiang lab IIm trace program","year":"2024","key":"ref11"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icnp59255.2023.10355634"},{"volume-title":"Gpu: Nvidia h100 sxm5 80gb","key":"ref13"},{"volume-title":"Switch 11","key":"ref14"},{"volume-title":"Switch 12 (median price after extrapolating for a 256 radix 400 g b e)","key":"ref15"},{"volume-title":"Switch 12","key":"ref16"},{"volume-title":"400 g d d \/ fr (median price from sources)","key":"ref17"},{"volume-title":"400 g d r \/ f r (median price from sources)","key":"ref18"},{"article-title":"Cost evaluation of intra-data center networks based on hybrid optical switching technologies","year":"2016","author":"Garriga","key":"ref19"},{"volume-title":"800 g zr\/lh (median price from two sources)","key":"ref20"},{"volume-title":"Rental","key":"ref22"},{"volume-title":"Energy: Average us industrial electricity price as of january 2023: 8.32 cents per kilowatthour","key":"ref23"},{"volume-title":"Language models are few-shot learners","year":"2020","author":"Brown","key":"ref24"}],"event":{"name":"2025 European Conference on Optical Communications (ECOC)","start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]]},"location":"Copenhagen, Denmark","end":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]]}},"container-title":["2025 European Conference on Optical Communications (ECOC)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11262921\/11262922\/11263324.pdf?arnumber=11263324","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T06:43:34Z","timestamp":1765003414000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11263324\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]]},"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ecoc66593.2025.11263324","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]]}}}