{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T23:58:34Z","timestamp":1770335914579,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/educon54358.2023.10125259","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]],"date-time":"2023-05-22T17:43:09Z","timestamp":1684777389000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["What Exactly is a Laboratory in Computer Science?"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6845-9825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Soll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NORDAKADEMIE gAG Hochschule der Wirtschaft,Elmshorn,Germany"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287324.3287406"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3017680.3022442"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3159450.3162309"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"12","article-title":"Analyzing the impact of experiential pedagogy in teaching socio-cybersecurity: Cybersecurity across the curriculum","volume":"34","author":"turner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3236777"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"1255","author":"angeli","year":"2020","journal-title":"A Constructivist Redesign of a Graduate-Level CS Course to Address Content Obsolescence and Student Motivation"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1145\/3303772.3303813","article-title":"User2code2vec: Embeddings for profiling students based on distributional representations of source code","author":"azcona","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Learning Analytics & Knowledge ser LAK19"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3349266.3351415"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"97","article-title":"Course redesign to improve retention: Finding the optimal mix of instructional approaches","volume":"34","author":"kentros","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"110","article-title":"A project-based curriculum for algorithm design and np-completeness centered on the sudoku problem","volume":"32","author":"lobo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3282373.3282855"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3197091.3197130"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SECM.2017.7"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341525.3393963"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"202","article-title":"An embedded systems course for cross-disciplinary research","volume":"34","author":"black","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"82","article-title":"Using computer programming activities and robots to teach generalization of a geometry concept","volume":"34","author":"terwilliger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411170.3411230"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"189","article-title":"Using a systems perspective to teach introduction to machine organization with laboratory","volume":"32","author":"herbst","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"1309","author":"russell","year":"2020","journal-title":"A CS Course for Non-Majors Based Arduino Platform"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/948383.948400"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1","author":"coy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Was ist Informatik?"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"35","article-title":"Wozu labor? zur vernachl&#x00E4;ssigten erken-ntnistheorie hinter der labordidaktik","author":"berendes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Labore in der Hochschullehre Labordidaktik Digitalisierung Organisation"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2168-9830.2005.tb00833.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7227\/IJEEE.39.1.2"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08993400802332332"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GeCon55699.2022.9942762"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2017.8190525"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/e-Engineering47629.2021.9470699"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"22","article-title":"Project-based data science course design","volume":"37","author":"kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02505024"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2010.10.001"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/2.841783"},{"key":"ref36","author":"gagne","year":"1974","journal-title":"Principles of Instructional Design"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1119\/1.19159"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2010.10.088"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"479","article-title":"Computer-Supported Collab-orative Learning","author":"stahl","year":"2014","journal-title":"ser Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0100597"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"264","article-title":"Integrating personalized online practice into an introductory program-ming course","volume":"35","author":"kortsarts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/csed.13.2.137.14200"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.49.1.345"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Active learning: Creating excitement in the classroom. 1991 asheeric higher education reports","volume":"1","author":"bonwell","year":"1991","journal-title":"ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report"},{"key":"ref26","author":"friesen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Report Defining Blended Learning"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1539024.1508925"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"2","article-title":"Engineering education-is problem-based or project-based learning the answer?","author":"mills","year":"2003","journal-title":"Australasian Journal of Engineering Education"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15430421tip4104_2"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7249\/RR1365"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.07.021"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hrm.10043"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ed100409p"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446200940.n21"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"275","author":"dubinsky","year":"2001","journal-title":"APOS A Constructivist Theory of Learning in Undergraduate Mathematics Education Research"},{"key":"ref15","author":"kapp","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Gamification of Learning and Instruction Game-based Methods and Strategies for Training and Education"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/950566.950596"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON.2017.7942909"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/Inforino48376.2020.9111653"},{"key":"ref11","author":"kennedy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Writing and Using Learning Outcomes A Practical Guide"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2017.8190585"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mind\/65.1.332"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CITS.2019.8862040"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"55","author":"mcmahon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Team-Based Learning"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8527.00106"},{"key":"ref19","author":"kolb","year":"1984","journal-title":"Experiential Learning Experience as the Source of Learning and Development"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"9","article-title":"Review of constructivism and social constructivism","volume":"1","author":"amineh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Social Sciences Literature and Languages"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISET49818.2020.00038"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRITO48877.2020.9198021"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/MIPRO48935.2020.9245362"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITP.2019.2900831"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EXPAT.2019.8876509"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSE.2017.8085593"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INAPR.2018.8626856"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICISCE50968.2020.00086"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE43999.2019.9028550"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS51556.2021.9401515"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/MIPRO48935.2020.9245339"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/MIPRO48935.2020.9245181"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/MIPRO.2019.8756648"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSEC.2017.8446735"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECTI-NCON.2019.8692237"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EIConCIT.2018.8878527"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EPE.2019.8778035"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TETC.2015.2511454"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON.2017.7942848"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IS.2018.8710460"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2664070"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE43999.2019.9028598"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IIAI-AAI.2017.94"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSE49874.2020.9201854"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2016.2627565"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2020.2998743"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TE.2020.3016593"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAAI.2017.14"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON46332.2021.9454091"},{"key":"ref103","first-page":"436","article-title":"Unobtrusive students' engagement anal-ysis in computer science laboratory using deep learning techniques","author":"s","year":"2018","journal-title":"2018 IEEE 18th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT)"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5408\/12-412.1"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Why are &#x2018;hands-on&#x2019; science activities so effective for student learning?","volume":"56","author":"satterthwait","year":"2010","journal-title":"Teaching Science"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2017.8190534"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RoEduNet51892.2020.9324863"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RTEICT42901.2018.9012266"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/MIPRO.2018.8400250"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON45650.2020.9125201"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EAEEIE.2017.8768574"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INCIT.2017.8257876"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EUROCON.2017.8011077"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSE51940.2021.9569362"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISECon.2019.8882068"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCCN52240.2021.9522268"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IC-AIAI.2018.8674452"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICoIAS53694.2021.00042"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"854","article-title":"A novel framework for cloud computing enabled laboratory","author":"kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"2019 6th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIA Com)"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIET51873.2021.9419598"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICISE-IE53922.2021.00220"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON.2018.8363441"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON.2018.8363269"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/iLRN47897.2020.9155152"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TELFOR.2018.8612090"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON.2019.8725122"},{"key":"ref60","first-page":"16","article-title":"Cyberpaths","volume":"34","author":"mountrouidou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3408877.3432468"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON46332.2021.9453916"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287324.3287442"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T4E.2019.00050"}],"event":{"name":"2023 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","location":"Kuwait, Kuwait","start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]}},"container-title":["2023 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/10125098\/10125107\/10125259.pdf?arnumber=10125259","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T17:43:56Z","timestamp":1687196636000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10125259\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"references-count":121,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/educon54358.2023.10125259","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]}}}