{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T16:22:25Z","timestamp":1779294145114,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/ets.2019.8791555","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T23:48:50Z","timestamp":1565308130000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Alternatives to Fault Injections for Early Safety\/Security Evaluations"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Michele","family":"Portolan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Savino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regis","family":"Leveugle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Di Carlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Bosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Di Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOLTS.2015.7229819"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2011.188"},{"key":"ref71","article-title":"Using pvf traces to accelerate avf modeling","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE workshop on silicon errors in logic-system effects"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HPCA.2009.4798243"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEST.2016.7805863"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2018.2887225"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2463209.2488857"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2003.1209976"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multi-layer dependability: From micro architecture to application level","year":"2014","journal-title":"2014 51st ACM\/EDAC\/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC)"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"41","article-title":"Towards formal approaches to system resilience","author":"avizienis","year":"2013","journal-title":"2013 IEEE 19th Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing"},{"key":"ref78","first-page":"217","article-title":"A Detailed Methodology to Compute Soft Error Rates in Advanced Technologies","author":"marc riera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Design Automation Test in Europe Conference Exhibition (DATE)"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPASS.2016.7482077"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Memory-aware design space exploration for reliability evaluation in computing systems","volume":"3","author":"avizienis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Electronic Testing"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpro.2015.06.003","article-title":"Cross-layer reliability evaluation, moving from the hardware architecture to the system level: A clereco eu project overview","volume":"39","author":"avizienis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microprocessors and Microsystems"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOLTS.2014.6873704"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"236","article-title":"Efficiency of probabilistic testability analysis for soft error effect analysis: A case study","author":"avizienis","year":"2009","journal-title":"2009 4th International Conference on Design Technology of Integrated Systems in Nanoscal Era"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"375","article-title":"Quantifying the accuracy of high-level fault injection techniques for hardware faults","author":"avizienis","year":"2014","journal-title":"2014 44th Annual IEEE\/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"11","article-title":"Llfi: An intermediate code-level fault injection tool for hardware faults","author":"avizienis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Software Quality Reliability and Security (QRS) 2015 IEEE International Conference on"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOLTS.2016.7604663"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2011.124","article-title":"On fault representativeness of software fault injection","volume":"39","author":"avizienis","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSD.2014.12"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1109\/TCAD.2010.2095630","article-title":"Static analysis of register file vulnerability","volume":"30","author":"lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DFT.2007.31"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VLSI-SoC.2014.7004158"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"898","article-title":"Combining architectural fault-injection and neutron beam testing approaches toward better understanding of gpu soft-error resilience","author":"avizienis","year":"2017","journal-title":"2017 IEEE 60th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)"},{"key":"ref64","author":"gaisler","year":"2019","journal-title":"LEON-3"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DFT.2015.7315134"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RADECS.2016.8093154"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2005.88"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"502","article-title":"Statistical fault injection: Quantified error and confidence","author":"avizienis","year":"2009","journal-title":"2009 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1250662.1250719"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2010.5544276"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEST.2003.1270912"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2011","journal-title":"Road Vehicles-Functional Safety"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780080477923","author":"smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Functional Safety"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEOE.2011.6013043"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"354","article-title":"System-level fault injection in systemc design platform","author":"chang","year":"2007","journal-title":"2007 Proc 8th Int Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2013.2287299","article-title":"Single-event transient modeling in a 65-nm bulk cmos technology based on multi-physical approach and electrical simulations","volume":"60","author":"avizienis","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"117","article-title":"Rt level vs. microarchitecture-level reliability assessment: Case study on arm (r) cortex (r)-a9 cpu","author":"avizienis","year":"2017","journal-title":"2017 47th Annual IEEE\/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks Workshops (DSN-W)"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1050","article-title":"Marss: a full system simulator for multicore x86 cpus","author":"avizienis","year":"2011","journal-title":"2011 48th ACM\/EDAC\/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC) DAC"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IISWC.2015.28"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"138","article-title":"Sifi: Amd southern islands gpu micro architectural level fault injector","author":"avizienis","year":"2017","journal-title":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCAD.1992.279362"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19393555.2014.891280"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DFT.2014.6962073"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2007.904080"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DFTVS.2002.1173521"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ETW.1999.804234"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IRPS.2009.5173253"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DATE.2002.998398"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-011-4366-9"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SBESC.2017.19"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1145\/1028176.1006723","article-title":"Techniques to reduce the soft error rate of a highperformance microprocessor","volume":"32","author":"avizienis","year":"2004","journal-title":"ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RAMS.2008.4925824"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2002.1028934"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2224","DOI":"10.1109\/23.659039","article-title":"Heavy ion and proton-induced single event multiple upset","volume":"44","author":"avizienis","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"JEDEC solid state technology association","year":"2006","journal-title":"Jesd89a jedec standard Measurement and reporting of alpha particle and terrestrial cosmic ray-induced soft errors in semiconductor devices"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"243","article-title":"The soft error problem: An architectural perspective","author":"avizienis","year":"2005","journal-title":"11th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture"},{"key":"ref15","author":"mukherjee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Architecture Design for Soft Errors"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"55","article-title":"Timing vulnerability factors of sequential elements in modern microprocessors","author":"avizienis","year":"2013","journal-title":"2013 IEEE 19th International On-Line Testing Symposium (IOLTS)"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2018.2818735"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"29","article-title":"A systematic methodology to compute the architectural vulnerability factors for a high-performance microprocessor","author":"avizienis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proceedings 36th Annual IEEE\/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture 2003 MICRO-36"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1816038.1816023"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1109\/MM.2004.72","article-title":"Fingerprinting: bounding soft-error-detection latency and bandwidth","volume":"24","author":"avizienis","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Micro"},{"key":"ref80","first-page":"68:1","article-title":"CLEAR: Cross-Layer Exploration for Architecting Resilience - Combining Hardware and Software Techniques to Tolerate Soft Errors in Processor Cores","author":"cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Design Automation Conference ser DAC '16"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1431","volume":"56","author":"leveugle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Early analysis of fault-based attack effects in secure circuits"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-8147-2_11"},{"key":"ref6","year":"0","journal-title":"Cross-layer early reliability evaluation for the computing continuum (EU-FP7 GA no 611404)"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VLSI-SoC.2014.7004184"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"129","article-title":"Microarchitecture level reliability comparison of modern gpu designs: First findings","author":"avizienis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS) 2017 IEEE International Symposium on"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2004.2"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DATE.1999.761181"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1145\/1080695.1069983","article-title":"Design and evaluation of hybrid fault-detection systems","volume":"33","author":"avizienis","year":"2005","journal-title":"ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OLT.2003.1214386"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.666826"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/43.466340"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICYCS.2008.329"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-39815-8_22"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LADC.2011.20"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DDECS.2016.7482446"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/12.364536"}],"event":{"name":"2019 IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS)","location":"Baden-Baden, Germany","start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]]}},"container-title":["2019 IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/8784130\/8791505\/08791555.pdf?arnumber=8791555","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]],"date-time":"2022-07-17T21:54:12Z","timestamp":1658094852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8791555\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"references-count":81,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ets.2019.8791555","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}}}