{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T16:29:31Z","timestamp":1755793771358,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748822400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748822400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/icbc64466.2025.11114529","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T18:34:30Z","timestamp":1755196470000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bitcoin Battle: Burning Bitcoin for Geopolitical Fun and Profit"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Kris","family":"Oosthoek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology,Delft,The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelvin","family":"Lubbertsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology,Delft,The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Smaragdakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology,Delft,The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"How terrorist groups are exploiting crypto to raise funds and evade detection","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Terrorist Financing: Hamas and Cryptocurrency Fundraising","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"UN probing 58 alleged crypto heists by North Korea worth $3 billion","volume-title":"The Record","author":"Greig","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Russia legalizes crypto for cross-border trade amid sanctions","volume-title":"CNBC","author":"Waggaman","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Russia is using bitcoin in foreign trade, finance minister says","volume-title":"Reuters","author":"Bryanski","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Conti Leaks Reveal the Ransomware Group\u2019s Links to Russia","volume-title":"Wired","author":"Burgess","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Treasury Sanctions Evil Corp, the Russia-Based Cybercriminal Group Behind Dridex Malware","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Treasury Sanctions Members of the Russia-Based Cybercriminal Group Evil Corp in Tri-Lateral Action with the United Kingdom and Australia","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"The NSA Worked to \"Track Down\" Bitcoin Users","author":"Biddle","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Advanced Persistent Threat Compromise of Government Agencies, Critical Infrastructure, and Private Sector Organizations","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"OP_RETURN - Bitcoin Wiki"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Bitcoin Core version 0.9.0 released","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"El Salvador: Launching Bitcoin as Legal Tender","volume-title":"Harvard Business School","author":"Alfaro","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Bitcoin Core :: Bitcoin Core 0.21.1"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Glupteba: Hidden Malware Delivery in Plain Sight Inside a self-concealing malware distribution framework with a security-resistant ecosystem","volume-title":"SophosLabs","author":"Nagy","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"Updates from Threat Analysis Group (TAG)","author":"Huntley","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Bitcoin battle address dataset","volume-title":"Github"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70278-0_14"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/eCrime47957.2019.9037600","article-title":"Assessing the Threat of Blockchain-based Botnets","volume-title":"2019 APWG Symposium on Electronic Crime Research (eCrime)","author":"B\u00f6ck"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-58387-6_23"},{"key":"ref22","volume-title":"Breaking Ransomware: Explore ways to find and exploit flaws in a ransomware attack (English Edition)","author":"Narula","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Bitcoin in War: OP_RETURN Callouts of Russian Military Bitcoin Addresses Point to Blockchains\u2019 Growing Role in Geopolitical Conflict","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Update on SVR Cyber Operations and Vulnerability Exploitation","volume-title":"Joint Cybersecurity Advisory","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"SVR cyber actors adapt tactics for initial cloud access","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Russian hacking group Armageddon increasingly targets Ukrainian state services","author":"Antoniuk","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Major Cyber Incidents - NotPetya","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"U.S. Charges Russian FSB Officers and Their Criminal Conspirators for Hacking Yahoo and Millions of Email Accounts","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Evil Corp: Behind the Screens","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"EU warns Russia over \u2018Ghostwriter\u2019 hacking ahead of German elections","volume-title":"TechCrunch","author":"Page","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Six Russian GRU Officers Charged in Connection with Worldwide Deployment of Destructive Malware and Other Disruptive Actions in Cyberspace","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"CrashOverride Malware","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSPEC.2013.6471059"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"Blockchain-parser","volume-title":"Github"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Blockchain.com"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"GraphSense Cryptoasset Analytics Platform"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"127","article-title":"A Fistful of Bitcoins: Characterizing Payments Among Men with No Names","author":"Sarah","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"Scorechain"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Official E-wallet Addresses for Donating Crypto to Ukraine"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"Report on the investigation into russian interference in the 2016 presidential election","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"The Other Bitcoin Boom: Crypto Mining in Russia\u2019s Shadow Territories \u2014 Royal United Services Institute","volume-title":"The Royal United Services Institute (RUSI)","author":"Barnett","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"All Signs Point to Russia Being Behind the DNC Hack","volume-title":"VICE","author":"Rid","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"DNC email leak: Russian hackers Cozy Bear and Fancy Bear behind breach","volume-title":"The Guardian","author":"Thielman","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Solarwinds compromise: Insights into the attacker domain infrastructure","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"UK and US call out Russia for SolarWinds compromise","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Russian Military Cyber Actors Target U.S. and Global Critical Infrastructure","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3582489"},{"key":"ref48","volume-title":"Graphsense: A general-purpose cryptoasset analytics platform","author":"Haslhofer","year":"2021"}],"event":{"name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC)","location":"Pisa, Italy","start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]}},"container-title":["2025 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11114381\/11114414\/11114529.pdf?arnumber=11114529","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T05:07:01Z","timestamp":1755234421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11114529\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"references-count":47,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icbc64466.2025.11114529","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]}}}