{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:03:56Z","timestamp":1782975836995,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/icbc67748.2026.11575543","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:34:25Z","timestamp":1782934465000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nominated Proof of Stake: A Reality Check"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Maurantonio","family":"Caprolu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST),Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elia","family":"Onofri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST),Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Eldesouky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST),Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto Di","family":"Pietro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST),Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3636553"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3579845"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3396374"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/blockchain53845.2021.00031"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116530"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3328526.3329567"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref7","first-page":"5","article-title":"Ethereum white paper","volume":"1","author":"Buterin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Whitepaper"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icbc56567.2023.10174896"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132747.3132757"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icodsa53588.2021.9617549"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4842-4847-8_6"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Overview of polkadot and its design considerations","author":"Burdges","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/dapps61106.2024.00016"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"PolkaStake: Polkadot Staking Events Analyzer","author":"Caprolu","year":"2026"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2901858"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-51280-4_7"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32101-7_3"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"253","article-title":"Ethereum proof-ofstake consensus layer: Participation and decentralization","volume-title":"Financial Cryptography and Data Security. FC 2024 International Workshops.","volume":"2024","author":"Grandjean"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-65154-0_13"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icdew53142.2021.00022"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41469-023-00138-w"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3576915.3623171"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2023.3336418"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/Blockchain55522.2022.00019"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-47751-5_15"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/bcca62388.2024.10844389"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2021.102584"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/coins54846.2022.9854972"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3533271.3561787"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-78676-1_8"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/sp.2019.00040"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/357172.357176"}],"event":{"name":"2026 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC)","location":"Brisbane, Australia","start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]}},"container-title":["2026 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11575430\/11575431\/11575543.pdf?arnumber=11575543","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T05:52:48Z","timestamp":1782971568000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11575543\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icbc67748.2026.11575543","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}}}