{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T06:11:44Z","timestamp":1775628704835,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000104","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/icmla66185.2025.00102","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T19:54:58Z","timestamp":1775591698000},"page":"712-719","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Semantic Segmentation of Kale Plant Images Using Deep Learning for Phenotypic Feature Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Halima","family":"Audu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowie State University,Department of Computer Science"}]},{"given":"Varun Kumar Reddy","family":"Dodda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowie State University,Department of Computer Science"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Agada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowie State University,Management Information Systems"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowie State University,Department of Computer Science"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Osano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowie State University,Department of Natural Sciences"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Ude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowie State University,Department of Natural Sciences"}]},{"given":"Supriyo","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowie State University,Department of Natural Sciences"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-023-00863-9"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jlpea12020024"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.706042"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCAF.2016.7749007"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2022.01.005"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2023.1268098"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2022.101583"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3334428"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-020-0563-0"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3697467.3697628"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Semantic segmentation for partially occluded apple trees based on deep learning","volume":"abs\/2010.06879","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12193438"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Plant diseases segmentation \u2014 deeplabv3+","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inpa.2023.02.001"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDICI62993.2024.10810867"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-021-11770-7"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atech.2024.100480"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165626"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11101034"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12051199"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2024.127599"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tim.2022.3178991"}],"event":{"name":"2025 International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA)","location":"Boca Raton, FL, USA","start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]}},"container-title":["2025 International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11471302\/11471304\/11471423.pdf?arnumber=11471423","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T05:34:22Z","timestamp":1775626462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11471423\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"references-count":22,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icmla66185.2025.00102","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]}}}