{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T20:52:56Z","timestamp":1781815976815,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,30]],"date-time":"2021-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622332800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,30]],"date-time":"2021-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622332800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,30]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/icra48506.2021.9561431","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T20:28:35Z","timestamp":1634675315000},"page":"902-908","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Learning Seed Placements and Automation Policies for Polyculture Farming with Companion Plants"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Yahav","family":"Avigal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Deza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Oehme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TU Munich,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Presten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Theis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jackson","family":"Chui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsunobu","family":"Kotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satvik","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Carpin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Merced,School of Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua H.","family":"Viers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Merced,Environmental Systems, School of Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavros","family":"Vougioukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Davis,Biological and Agricultural Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley,The AUTOLab"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/130162"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"1","article-title":"Light use efficiency, productivity and profitability of maize and soybean intercropping as influenced by planting geometry and row proportion","volume":"27","author":"yogesh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Science"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-35731-7"},{"key":"ref32","year":"0","journal-title":"Meter Environment"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ery034"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.105.039669"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.12334"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Companion planting and insect pest control","author":"parker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Weed and Pest Control -Conventional and New Challenges"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-8570-4_8"},{"key":"ref34","author":"seeds","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pinetree garden seeds - vegetable collections"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Pesticide risk assessment: European framework shows need for safer alternatives","author":"mantovani","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"Adadelta: an adaptive learning rate method","author":"zeiler","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01014"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CASE48305.2020.9216984"},{"key":"ref13","author":"minchin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Romi Robotics for microfarming"},{"key":"ref14","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bowery farming"},{"key":"ref15","author":"ken goldberg","year":"1995","journal-title":"The telegarden"},{"key":"ref16","author":"goldberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Robot in the Garden Telerobotics and Telepistemology in the Age of the Internet"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COASE.2019.8842877"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TENCON50793.2020.9293745"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.agron.2019.10.002","article-title":"Designing intercrops for high yield, yield stability and efficient use of resources: Are there principles?","volume":"160","author":"stomph","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in Agronomy"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Deep residual learning for image recognition","author":"kaiming he","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429495465-10"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28","article-title":"U-net: Convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation","author":"olaf ronneberger","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"14","article-title":"Polyculture cropping has advantages","volume":"36","author":"gliessman","year":"1982","journal-title":"California Agriculture"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022352229863"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206848","article-title":"Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database","author":"deng","year":"2009","journal-title":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"ref5","author":"jorgensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Ecology"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2010.01939.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-018-3882-4"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/sus.2018.11"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2013.10.0411"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01867035"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1161-0301(02)00107-7"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1109\/MCS.2020.3032801","article-title":"Evolving gaussian processes and kernel observers for learning and control in spatiotemporally varying domains: With applications in agriculture, weather monitoring, and fluid dynamics","volume":"41","author":"whitman","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Control Systems Magazine"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2008.0139s"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Population biology of plants","author":"harper","year":"1977","journal-title":"Population Biology of Plants"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2019.107613"},{"key":"ref41","author":"goldberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Beyond Webcams An Introduction to Online Robots"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2016.09.015"},{"key":"ref26","year":"2020","journal-title":"Farmbot"},{"key":"ref43","author":"kijima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Japanese Style Companion Planting"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Crop yields in intercropping: meta-analysis and virtual plant modelling","author":"yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ph D Dissertation"}],"event":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","location":"Xi'an, China","start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,30]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,5]]}},"container-title":["2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/9560720\/9560666\/09561431.pdf?arnumber=9561431","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T20:08:49Z","timestamp":1781813329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9561431\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,30]]},"references-count":43,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra48506.2021.9561431","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,30]]}}}