{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T04:07:28Z","timestamp":1747886848382,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/icst62969.2025.10988976","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T17:05:21Z","timestamp":1747760721000},"page":"510-521","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Speculative Testing at Google with Transition Prediction"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Avi","family":"Kondareddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Google LLC,Mountain View,California,USA,94043"}]},{"given":"Sushmita","family":"Azad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google LLC,Mountain View,California,USA,94043"}]},{"given":"Abhayendra","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google LLC,Mountain View,California,USA,94043"}]},{"given":"Tim A. D.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google LLC,Mountain View,California,USA,94043"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"volume-title":"Continuous Integration","year":"2006","author":"Fowler","key":"ref1"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2854146"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Tools for Continuous Integration at Google Scale","volume-title":"Google NYC","author":"Micco","year":"2012"},{"volume-title":"Testing at the speed and scale of Google","year":"2011","author":"Gupta","key":"ref4"},{"volume-title":"The Chris\/Jay Continuous Build","year":"2012","author":"Bland","key":"ref5"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Continuous Integration at Google Scale","volume-title":"EclipseCon 2013","author":"Micco","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icse-seip.2017.16"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"101","article-title":"Assessing Transition-Based Test Selection Algorithms at Google","volume-title":"2019 IEEE\/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice (ICSE-SEIP).","author":"Leong"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3395363.3397371"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"160","article-title":"Smart Build Targets Batching Service at Google","volume-title":"2021 IEEE\/ACM 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice (ICSE-SEIP).","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST57152.2023.00041"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"395","article-title":"SafeRevert: When Can Breaking Changes be Automatically Reverted?","volume-title":"2024 IEEE Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST).","author":"Henderson"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3643656.3643896"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3183519.3183525"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3580305.3599933"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"384","article-title":"Incremental program testing using program dependence graphs","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages - POPL \u201993.","author":"Bates","year":"1993"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref18","first-page":"173","article-title":"A safe, efficient regression test selection technique","volume-title":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","volume":"6","author":"Rothermel","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/347324.348910"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSRE.2003.1251065","article-title":"A comparison of coverage-based and distribution-based techniques for filtering and prioritizing test cases","volume-title":"14th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering, 2003. ISSRE 2003.","volume":"2003-Janua","author":"Leon","year":"2003"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","first-page":"14","article-title":"A systematic review on regression test selection techniques","volume-title":"Information and Software Technology","volume":"52","author":"Engstrom","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMPSACW.2010.43"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref23","first-page":"379","article-title":"Systematic literature review on regression test prioritization techniques","volume":"36","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Informatica (Slovenia)"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-08867-9_19"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icst.2015.7102588"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14257\/ijseia.2015.9.10.10"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3131151.3131170"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"213","article-title":"Improving Test Effectiveness Using Test Executions History: An Industrial Experience Report","volume-title":"2019 IEEE\/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice (ICSE-SEIP).","author":"Najafi"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"91","article-title":"Predictive Test Selection","volume-title":"2019 IEEE\/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice (ICSE-SEIP).","author":"Machalica"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"2005","article-title":"Trends in prioritization of test cases: 2017\u20132019","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing","author":"De Castro-Cabrera","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-021-10066-6"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3576038"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"42","article-title":"BUILDFAST: History-aware build outcome prediction for fast feedback and reduced cost in continuous integration","volume-title":"2020 35th IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","author":"Chen","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"106392","article-title":"Predicting continuous integration build failures using evolutionary search","volume-title":"Information and Software Technology","volume":"128","author":"Saidani","year":"2020"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref35","first-page":"2740","article-title":"A Machine Learning Approach to Improve the Detection of CI Skip Commits","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","volume":"47","author":"Abdalkareem","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2019.2897300","article-title":"Which Commits Can Be CI Skipped?","volume":"47","author":"Abdalkareem","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3558489.3559070"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10515-021-00319-5"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref39","first-page":"4873","article-title":"Detecting Continuous Integration Skip Commits Using Multi-Objective Evolutionary Search","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","volume":"48","author":"Saidani","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"1011","article-title":"PIPELINEASCODE: A CI\/CD Workflow Management System through Configuration Files at ByteDance","volume-title":"2024 IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER)","author":"Jin"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref41","first-page":"5223","article-title":"The Why, When, What, and How About Predictive Continuous Integration: A Simulation-Based Investigation","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","volume":"49","author":"Liu","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3663529.3663856"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3643771"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3650212.3680356"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3643991.3644914"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref46","article-title":"Fighting regressions with git bisect","volume-title":"The Linux Kernel Archives","volume":"4","author":"Couder","year":"2008"},{"volume-title":"Finding Culprits Automatically in Failing Builds - i.e. Who Broke the Build?","year":"2013","author":"Ziftci","key":"ref47"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE-SEIP.2017.13"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-54494-5_4"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3338906.3338944"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref51","first-page":"2784","article-title":"Software Batch Testing to Save Build Test Resources and to Reduce Feedback Time","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","volume":"48","author":"Beheshtian","year":"2022"},{"volume-title":"James E. Keenan - \u201cMultisection: When Bisection Isn\u2019t Enough to Debug a Problem","year":"2019","author":"Keenan","key":"ref52"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3468264.3473129"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-022-10152-3"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref55","first-page":"1","article-title":"When do changes induce fixes?","volume-title":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes","volume":"30","author":"Sliwerski","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"164","article-title":"Reproducibility and credibility in empirical software engineering: A case study based on a systematic literature review of the use of the SZZ algorithm","volume-title":"Information and Software Technology","volume":"99","author":"Rodriguez-Perez","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1145\/3340482.3342742","article-title":"SZZ unleashed: An open implementation of the SZZ algorithm - featuring example usage in a study of just-in-time bug prediction for the Jenkins project","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGSOFT International Workshop on Machine Learning Techniques for Software Quality Evaluation - MaLTeSQuE 2019.","author":"Borg","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3338906.3338962"},{"volume-title":"Fonte: Finding Bug Inducing Commits from Failures","year":"2023","author":"An","key":"ref59"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1145\/73560.73573","article-title":"On the adequacy of program dependence graphs for representing programs","volume-title":"ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (POPL)","author":"Horwitz","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/75308.75328"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"414195226","volume-title":"TravisTorrent","author":"Beller","year":"2022"}],"event":{"name":"2025 IEEE Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST)","start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"location":"Napoli, Italy","end":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]}},"container-title":["2025 IEEE Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/10988917\/10988918\/10988976.pdf?arnumber=10988976","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T05:18:00Z","timestamp":1747804680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10988976\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"references-count":62,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icst62969.2025.10988976","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]}}}