{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T13:35:26Z","timestamp":1769348126775,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,3]],"date-time":"2024-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730592000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,3]],"date-time":"2024-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730592000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,3]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/iecon55916.2024.10906003","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T17:32:07Z","timestamp":1741627927000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Direction-Selective Parallel Module Structure for Cascaded Bridge and Modular Multilevel Converters with Minimum Transistor Count"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Jinshui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University,Dept. Electrical & Computer Engineering,Durham,US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan M","family":"Goetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University,Dept. Psychiatry & Behavioral,Durham,US"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"174","article-title":"New transformerless, scalable modular multilevel converters for hvdctransmission","volume-title":"2008 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","author":"Allebrod"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"502","article-title":"Modular multilevel converter: An universal concept for hvdc-networks and extended dc-bus-applications","volume-title":"The 2010 International Power Electronics Conference ECCE ASIA -","author":"Marquardt"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"A new highly modular medium voltage converter topology for industrial drive applications","volume-title":"2009 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","author":"Hiller"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref4","first-page":"9854","article-title":"A modular multilevel series\/parallel converter for a wide frequency range operation","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"718","article-title":"Startup and low-speed operation of an adjustable-speed motor driven by a modular multilevel cascade inverter (mmci)","volume-title":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","author":"Hagiwara"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"751","article-title":"Analysis of the modulevoltage fluctuations of the modular multilevel converter at variable speed drive applications","volume-title":"2012 13th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","author":"Spichartz"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540261.2017.1305949"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref8","first-page":"066015","article-title":"Modular pulse synthesizer for transcranial magnetic stimulation with fully adjustable pulse shape and sequence","volume-title":"Journal of Neural Engineering","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"4700","article-title":"Circuit topology and control principle for a first magnetic stimulator with fully controllable waveform","volume-title":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"34","author":"Goetz"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ac9d65"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"97196","article-title":"Gan-based versatile waveform generator for biomedical applications of electroporation","volume-title":"IEEE Access","volume":"8","author":"Sarnago","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PTC.2003.1304403"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IPEC.2010.5544594"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2005.843973"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref15","first-page":"2748","article-title":"A comprehensive review of capacitor voltage balancing strategies for multilevel converters under selective harmonic elimination pwm","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"36","author":"Wu","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"14","article-title":"A critical review on state-of-charge bal-\u02d8 ancing methods in multilevel converter based battery storage systems","volume-title":"Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM)","volume":"4","author":"Eroglu"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref17","first-page":"8962","article-title":"Comprehensive comparison of modular multilevel converter internal energy balancing methods","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"36","author":"Milovanovi\u0107","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"23","article-title":"Estimation methods and sensor reduction in modular multilevel converters: A review","volume-title":"International Conference on Power and Energy Systems (ICPES)","volume":"8","author":"Konstantinou"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref19","first-page":"1631","article-title":"Evolution of topologies, modeling, control schemes, and applications of modular multilevel converters","volume-title":"IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics","volume":"5","author":"Dekka","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"3591","article-title":"Enhanced soh balancing method of mmc battery energy storage system with cell equalization capability","volume-title":"IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","author":"Ma"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","first-page":"203","article-title":"Modular multilevel converter with series and parallel module connectivity: Topology and control","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"30","author":"Goetz","year":"2015"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref22","first-page":"12468","article-title":"A review of multilevel converters with parallel connectivity","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"36","author":"Fang","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"2349","article-title":"Sensorless scheduling of the modular multilevel series-parallel converter: enabling a flexible, efficient, modular battery","volume-title":"2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","author":"Goetz"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref24","first-page":"447","article-title":"Multilevel converters with symmetrical half-bridge submodules and sensorless voltage balance","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"36","author":"Fang","year":"2021"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref25","first-page":"8405","article-title":"Module implementation and modulation strategy for sensorless balancing in modular multilevel converters","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2019"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref26","first-page":"8381","article-title":"Control of modular multilevel converter with parallel connectivity\u2014application to battery systems","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"32","author":"Goetz","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS48785.2022.9937974","article-title":"A new submodule structure with parallel capacitor connection in modular multilevel converters","volume-title":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","author":"Bharath"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1067","article-title":"Semifull-bridge submodule for modular multilevel converters","volume-title":"2015 9th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE-ECCE Asia)","author":"Ilves"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref29","article-title":"Modular multilevel converter with series and parallel module connectivity: Topology and control","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"30","author":"Goetz","year":"2015"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref30","first-page":"8907","article-title":"Reduction of mmc capacitances through parallelization of symmetrical half-bridge submodules","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"36","author":"Fang","year":"2021"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref31","first-page":"8405","article-title":"Module implementation and modulation strategy for sensorless balancing in modular multilevel converters","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref32","first-page":"15","article-title":"A reduced series\/parallel module for cascade multilevel static compensators supporting sensorless balancing","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","volume":"68","author":"Li","year":"2021"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref33","first-page":"7725","article-title":"Modular multilevel converter with sensorless diode-clamped balancing through level-adjusted phase-shifted modulation","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"36","author":"Tashakor","year":"2021"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref34","first-page":"12126","article-title":"Compensated state-space model of diode-clamped mmcs for sensorless voltage estimation","volume-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics","volume":"38","author":"Tashakor","year":"2023"}],"event":{"name":"IECON 2024 - 50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","location":"Chicago, IL, USA","start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,3]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]}},"container-title":["IECON 2024 - 50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/10904979\/10905066\/10906003.pdf?arnumber=10906003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T05:01:50Z","timestamp":1741669310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10906003\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,3]]},"references-count":34,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iecon55916.2024.10906003","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,3]]}}}