{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T17:45:00Z","timestamp":1772041500139,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,18]],"date-time":"2021-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,18]],"date-time":"2021-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626566400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,18]],"date-time":"2021-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626566400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,18]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/ijcnn52387.2021.9534254","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T20:32:37Z","timestamp":1632342757000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Special Symbol Attacks On NLP Systems"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Brian","family":"Formento","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"See-Kiong","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuan-Sheng","family":"Foo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Exploring the role of punctuation in parsing natural text","author":"jones","year":"1995","journal-title":"arXiv preprint cmp-lg\/9505024"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i05.6357"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Adversarial examples in the physical world. arxiv 2016","author":"kurakin","year":"2016","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Contextualized perturbation for textual adversarial attack","author":"li","year":"2020","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Bert-attack: Adversarial attack against bert using bert","author":"li","year":"2020","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Roberta: A robustly optimized bert pretraining approach","author":"liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"119","author":"morris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Textattack A framework for adversarial attacks data augmentation and adversarial training in nlp"},{"key":"ref17","author":"pang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Seeing Stars Exploiting Class Relationships for Sentiment Categorization with Respect to Rating Scales"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2019.2890858"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Robustness may be at odds with accuracy","author":"tsipras","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv Machine Learning"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"devlin","year":"2018","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Universal sentence encoder","author":"cer","year":"2018","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"From hero to z\\'eroe: A benchmark of low-level adversarial attacks","author":"eger","year":"2020","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Hotflip: White-box adversarial examples for text classification","author":"ebrahimi","year":"2017","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Deceiving google's perspective api built for detecting toxic comments","volume":"abs 1702 8138","author":"hosseini","year":"2017","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Explaining and harnessing adversarial examples","author":"goodfellow","year":"2014","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Synthetic and natural noise both break neural machine translation","author":"belinkov","year":"2017","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1316"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i05.6311"},{"key":"ref20","author":"zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Word embedding perturbation for sentence classification"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"649","article-title":"Character-level convolutional networks for text classification","volume":"28","author":"zhang","year":"0","journal-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems"}],"event":{"name":"2021 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","location":"Shenzhen, China","start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,18]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]}},"container-title":["2021 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/9533266\/9533267\/09534254.pdf?arnumber=9534254","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T15:46:09Z","timestamp":1652197569000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9534254\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,18]]},"references-count":21,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ijcnn52387.2021.9534254","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,18]]}}}