{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T05:44:58Z","timestamp":1782798298287,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/infocom59046.2026.11571700","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T19:38:15Z","timestamp":1782761895000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["TriHaRd: Higher Resilience for TEE Trusted Time"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Bettinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LIRIS-DRIM, INSA Lyon,Lyon,France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Ben Mokhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LIRIS-DRIM, CNRS,Lyon,France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Felber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Neuchâtel,IIUN,Neuchâtel,Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etienne","family":"Rivi\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLouvain,ICTEAM,Louvain-la-Neuve,Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Schiavoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Neuchâtel,IIUN,Neuchâtel,Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Simonet-Boulogne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iExec Blockchain Tech,Lyon,France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/infocom52122.2024.10621345"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3578359.3593038"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2016.23090","article-title":"Attacking the Network Time Protocol","volume-title":"Network and Distributed System Security Symposium","author":"Malhotra"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cse\/euc.2019.00060"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2491245"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/rtas61025.2024.00009"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ccgrid64434.2025.00041"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Intel SGX explained","author":"Costan","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-39828-5_17","article-title":"T3E: A practical solution to trusted time in secure enclaves","volume-title":"International Conference on Network and System Security","author":"Hamidy"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cloudcom59040.2023.00037"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/dsn-s65789.2025.00053"},{"issue":"RFC 958","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC958","volume-title":"Network Time Protocol (NTP)","author":"Mills","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"TriHaRd Higher Resilience TEE trusted time implementation","author":"Bettinger","year":"2025"},{"issue":"270","key":"ref14","article-title":"NTPsec: a secure, hardened NTP implementation","volume":"2016","author":"Raymond","year":"2016","journal-title":"Linux J."},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Intel\u00ae 64 and IA-32 architectures software developer\u2019s manual combined volumes"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"AEX-Notify: Thwarting precise Single-Stepping attacks through interrupt awareness for Intel SGX enclaves","volume-title":"32nd USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Constable"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"TPM 2.0 Library","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Microsoft Azure adds confidential VMs to expand options for confidential computing","author":"Echevarria","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"Intel and Google Cloud announce confidential VMs for the masses","author":"P","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref20","volume-title":"Run IBM cloud virtual servers in an encrypted enclave","author":"Veramonti","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Intel\u00ae TDX module base architecture specification","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Like clockwork: A systematic analysis of AMD SEV- SNP\u2019s SecureTSC","volume-title":"Graz Univ. of Technology, Master\u2019s thesis","author":"Neela","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2025.241038","article-title":"CounterSEVeillance: Performance-counter attacks on AMD SEV-SNP","volume-title":"Network and Distributed System Security Symposium","author":"Gast"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref24","first-page":"180","article-title":"SEV-Step a single-stepping framework for AMD-SEV","volume-title":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems","volume":"2024","author":"Wilke","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2025\/079","key":"ref25","article-title":"Exploring side-channels in Intel Trust Domain Extensions","author":"Mandal","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3658644.3690230"},{"issue":"RFC 8915","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC8915","volume-title":"Network Time Security for the Network Time Protocol","author":"Franke","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3560639"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/srds53918.2021.00013"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/icc45855.2022.9839169"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3064176.3064213"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2023.24001","article-title":"RR: A fault model for efficient TEE replication","volume-title":"Network and Distributed System Security Symposium","author":"Dinis"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Mixed fault tolerance protocols with trusted execution environment","author":"Gao","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3528535.3531516"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"IEEE standard for a precision clock synchronization protocol for networked measurement and control systems","volume-title":"IEEE Std 15882019 (Revision of IEEE Std 1588-2008)","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3419111.3421273"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3338466.3358916"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"Triad TEE trusted time public implementation","author":"Bettinger","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"White Paper: Asynchronous Enclave Exit Notify and the EDECCSSA User Leaf Function","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"AES-NI Crypto for Intel SGX","author":"Li (Maxul)","year":"2020"}],"event":{"name":"IEEE INFOCOM 2026 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications","location":"Tokyo, Japan","start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]}},"container-title":["IEEE INFOCOM 2026 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11571071\/11571169\/11571700.pdf?arnumber=11571700","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T05:18:33Z","timestamp":1782796713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11571700\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"references-count":40,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/infocom59046.2026.11571700","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]}}}