{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T11:06:19Z","timestamp":1748948779764,"version":"3.28.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/iscas45731.2020.9181250","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T13:22:27Z","timestamp":1601385747000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Analog Circuits to Accelerate the Relaxation Process in the Equilibrium Propagation Algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Armin Najarpour","family":"Foroushani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hussein","family":"Assaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fereidoon Hashemi","family":"Noshahr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvon","family":"Savaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamad","family":"Sawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Westlake University, and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3020078.3021744"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2016.7471828"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Accelerating deep convolutional neural networks using specialized hardware","volume":"2","author":"ovtcharov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microsoft Research Whitepaper"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2017.8050816"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.641455"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2018.8351344"},{"article-title":"Updates of equilibrium prop match gradients of backprop through time in an rnn with static input","year":"2019","author":"ernoult","key":"ref16"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"789","article-title":"Analog vlsi implementation of multi-dimensional gradient descent","author":"kirk","year":"1993","journal-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"836","article-title":"A parallel gradient descent method for learning in analog vlsi neural networks","author":"alspector","year":"1993","journal-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.485671"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6645","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6638947","article-title":"Speech recognition with deep recurrent neural networks","author":"graves","year":"2013","journal-title":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","article-title":"Deep learning","volume":"521","author":"lecun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCA.2016.30"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1109\/MICRO.2014.58","article-title":"Dadiannao: A machine-learning supercomputer","author":"chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 47th Annual IEEE\/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2016.2616357"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3007787.3001139"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13634-016-0355-x"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"108","article-title":"Artificial intelligence for the real world","volume":"96","author":"davenport","year":"2018","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISVLSI.2016.111"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"1516","article-title":"Training a spiking neural network with equilibrium propagation","author":"oconnor","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2017.00024"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Bidirectional learning in recurrent neural networks using equilibrium propagation","author":"khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Master&#x2019;s thesis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3088","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.10.3088","article-title":"Neurons with graded response have collective computational properties like those of two-state neurons","volume":"81","author":"hopfield","year":"1984","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"article-title":"Initialized equilibrium propagation for backprop-free training","year":"2018","author":"o\u2019connor","key":"ref23"}],"event":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"location":"Seville, Spain","end":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]}},"container-title":["2020 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/9179985\/9180369\/09181250.pdf?arnumber=9181250","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T21:06:04Z","timestamp":1705352764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9181250\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iscas45731.2020.9181250","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}}}