{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T06:51:33Z","timestamp":1781851893785,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/iscas66217.2026.11561988","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T20:06:41Z","timestamp":1781813201000},"page":"3371-3375","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["AssertSynth: LLM-Based Assertion Synthesis via Multimodal Specification Extraction"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Enyuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Software,Beijing,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiwei","family":"Ci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Software,Beijing,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiusong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Software,Beijing,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Computing Technology,Beijing,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Software,Beijing,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Writing testbenches using SystemVerilog","author":"Bergeron","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3510578"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DAC18074.2021.9586118"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCAD.2023.3294454"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3061639.3062206"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCAD.2022.3197525"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DATE.2010.5457129"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ATS56056.2022.00034"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITC44778.2020.9325264"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"966","article-title":"Glast: Learning formal grammars to translate natural language specifications into hardware assertions","volume-title":"2016 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","author":"Harris"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FDL.2019.8876925"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Spectosva: Circuit specification document to systemverilog assertion translation","volume-title":"2021 Second Document Intelligence Workshop at KDD","author":"Parthasarathy"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3676536.3676679"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICLAD65226.2025.00009"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Towards improving verification productivity with circuit-aware translation of natural language to systemverilog assertions","volume-title":"First International Workshop on Deep Learning-aided Verification","author":"Sun"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/DATE64628.2025.10992817"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISVLSI61997.2024.00130"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2024.3372809"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Spec2assertion: Automatic pre-rtl assertion generation using large language models with progressive regularization","author":"Wu","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3658617.3697756"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/068431-1800"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0058022"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86549-8_9"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2025.findings-emnlp.568"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"I2c-master core specification","author":"Herveille","year":"2003","journal-title":"OpenCores"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Aes core specification","author":"Hsing","year":"2013","journal-title":"OpenCores"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"openmsp430","author":"Girard","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"GPT-4 Technical Report","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Yosys open synthesis suite","author":"Wolf","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DAC56929.2023.10247962"}],"event":{"name":"2026 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","location":"Shanghai, China","start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]}},"container-title":["2026 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11561899\/11561804\/11561988.pdf?arnumber=11561988","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T05:59:44Z","timestamp":1781848784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11561988\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iscas66217.2026.11561988","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]}}}