{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T16:37:36Z","timestamp":1777567056602,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696204800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696204800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1747724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1747724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/isi58743.2023.10297134","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T18:02:18Z","timestamp":1698861738000},"page":"01-06","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["An Overview of Cybersecurity Knowledge Graphs Mapped to the MITRE ATT&amp;CK Framework Domains"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Joshua","family":"Bolton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County,Dept. of Information Systems,Baltimore,USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lavanya","family":"Elluri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas A&#x0026;M University - Central Texas,Dept. of Computer Information Systems,Killeen,USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karuna Pande","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County,Dept. of Information Systems,Baltimore,USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131050","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2940512","article-title":"A security analysis method of security protocol implementation based on unpurified security protocol trace and security protocol implementation ontology","volume":"7","author":"xudong","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"A policy-driven approach to secure extraction of covid-19 data from research papers","volume":"4","author":"lavanya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Big Data"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"A Review on Application of Knowledge Graph in Cybersecurity","author":"zhihao","year":"0","journal-title":"2020 International Signal Processing Communications and Engineering Management Conference (ISPCEM)"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148541","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3008964","article-title":"An integrated knowledge graph to automate cloud data compliance","volume":"8","author":"karuna","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"An application of semantic techniques for forensic analysis","author":"flora","year":"0","journal-title":"2018 32nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (WAINA)"},{"key":"ref59","article-title":"Measuring semantic similarity across eu gdpr regulation and cloud privacy policies","author":"lavanya","year":"0","journal-title":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"A semantic approach for automating knowledge in policies of cyber insurance services","author":"ketki","year":"0","journal-title":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS)"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Trusted Compliance Enforcement Framework for Sharing Health Big Data","author":"dae-young","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)"},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"OWL web ontology language overview","author":"mcguinness","year":"2004","journal-title":"W3C Recommendation World Wide Web Consortium"},{"key":"ref52","author":"lassila","year":"1999","journal-title":"Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IECON.2019.8927285"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"An integrated knowledge graph to automate gdpr and pci dss compliance","author":"lavanya","year":"0","journal-title":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"The Semantic Web","author":"tim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scientific American"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148004","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3123950","article-title":"A BERT Based Approach to Measure Web Services Policies Compliance With GDPR","volume":"9","author":"lavanya","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Analysis System for Security Situation in Cyberspace Based on Knowledge Graph","author":"ji","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 7th International Conference on Big Data and Information Analytics (BigDIA)"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"An APT Attack Analysis Framework Based on Self-define Rules and Mapreduce","author":"yulu","year":"0","journal-title":"2020 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Data Science in Cyberspace (DSC)"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"CASE-SSE: Context-aware Semantically Extensible Searchable Symmetric Encryption for Encrypted Cloud Data","author":"lanxiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Services Computing"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Association analysis algorithm based on knowledge graph for space-ground integrated network","author":"yulu","year":"0","journal-title":"2018 IEEE 18th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)"},{"key":"ref51","author":"zareen","year":"2016","journal-title":"UCO A Unified Cybersecurity Ontology"},{"key":"ref50","article-title":"Using knowledge graphs and reinforcement learning for malware analysis","author":"aritran","year":"0","journal-title":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Security assessment of dynamic networks with an approach of integrating semantic reasoning and attack graphs","author":"songyang","year":"0","journal-title":"2018 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC)"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"SecKG: Leveraging attack detection and prediction using knowledge graphs","author":"siwar","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 12th International Conference on Information and Communication Systems (ICICS)"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"Temporal Understanding of Cybersecurity Threats","author":"jennifer","year":"0","journal-title":"2020 IEEE 6th Intl Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity) IEEE Intl Conference on High Performance and Smart Computing (HPSC) and IEEE Intl Conference on Intelligent Data and Security (IDS)"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Semantic interpretation of structured log files","author":"piyush","year":"0","journal-title":"2016 IEEE 17th International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration (IRI)"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Relext: Relation extraction using deep learning approaches for cybersecurity knowledge graph improvement","author":"aditya","year":"0","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Recommendation of cyber attack method based o n knowledge graph","author":"yunjia","year":"0","journal-title":"2020 International Conference on Computer Engineering and Intelligent Control (ICCEIC)"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Research on Automated Cyber Asset Scanning Tools based on Cybersecurity Knowledge Graph","author":"xiaofeng","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 7th International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC)"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Research of Secure Service Composition Based on Semantic Security Policy","author":"he","year":"0","journal-title":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData)"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"31","article-title":"Tensor-Based Knowledge Fusion and Reasoning for Cyberphysical-Social Systems: Theory and Framework","volume":"8 2","author":"jing","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Systems Man and Cybernetics Magazine"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"711","article-title":"The new routing algorithm for the ARPANET","volume":"28 5","author":"john","year":"1980","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Communications"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"The MITRE Corporation","year":"2022","journal-title":"MITRE ATT&CK - Matrices"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/NIST.SP.1800-10"},{"key":"ref4","author":"eric","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microsoft has a $20 billion hacking plan but cyber-security has a big spending problem"},{"key":"ref3","author":"andreas","year":"2021","journal-title":"What is Log4Shell? The Log4j vulnerability explained"},{"key":"ref6","author":"olivia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bloomberg Technology - Cybersecurity"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Microsoft Digital Defense Report","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microsoft"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177041","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3027321","article-title":"Quantifying the significance and relevance of cyber-security text through textual similarity and cyber-security knowledge graph","volume":"8","author":"otgonpurev","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110510","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2933859","article-title":"Ontology-based security context reasoning for power IoT-cloud security service","volume":"7","author":"chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"Machine learning on knowledge graphs for context-aware security monitoring","author":"josep soler","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Ontology-driven framework for trend analysis of vulnerabilities and impacts in IOT hardware","author":"charan","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 IEEE 15th International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC)"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Ontology-driven cyber-security threat assessment based on sentiment analysis of network activity data","author":"doug","year":"0","journal-title":"2014 International Conference on Cloud and Autonomic Computing"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Intelligent Answer System Based on Vulnerability Knowledge Graph","author":"yongfei","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 7th International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC)"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Extracting rich semantic information about cybersecurity events","author":"taneeya","year":"0","journal-title":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Knowledge enrichment by fusing representations for malware threat intelligence and behavior","author":"aritran","year":"0","journal-title":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI)"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"43","article-title":"Investigating Malware Campaigns With Semantic Technologies","volume":"17 1","author":"rodrigo","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Security & Privacy"},{"key":"ref2","author":"donghui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cyberattack on Critical Infrastructure Russia and the Ukrainian Power Grid Attacks"},{"key":"ref1","article-title":"The US is readying sanctions against Russia over the SolarWinds cyber attack","author":"isabella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Here's a simple explanation of how the massive hack happened and why it's such a big deal"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Proactive Ontology-based Cyber Threat Intelligence Analytic","author":"yazid","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 International Conference on Recent Advances in Mathematics and Informatics (ICRAMI)"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"Powering filtration process of cyber security ecosystem using knowledge graph","author":"claude","year":"0","journal-title":"2016 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cyber Security and Cloud Computing (CSCloud)"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Cyber threat ontology and adversarial machine learning attacks: analysis and prediction perturbance","author":"abel","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 International Conference on Computing Computational Modelling and Applications (ICCMA)"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Cyber security knowledge graph based cyber attack attribution framework for space-ground integration information network","author":"zheng","year":"0","journal-title":"2018 IEEE 18th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Cybersecurity Knowledge Graph Improvement with Graph Neural Networks","author":"soham","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Cyber-physical system security surveillance using knowledge graph based digital twins-a smart farming usecase","author":"sai sree laya","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI)"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Cocoa: An ontology for cybersecurity operations centre analysis process","author":"cyril","year":"0","journal-title":"2018 International Conference On Cyber Situational Awareness Data Analytics And Assessment (Cyber SA)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211691","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3039234","article-title":"Creating cybersecurity knowledge graphs from malware after action reports","volume":"8","author":"aritran","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Combating Fake Cyber Threat Intelligence using Provenance in Cybersecurity Knowledge Graphs","author":"shaswata","year":"0","journal-title":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Early detection of cybersecurity threats using collaborative cognition","author":"sandeep nair","year":"0","journal-title":"2018 IEEE 4th International Conference on Collaboration and Internet Computing (CIC)"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Cybertwitter: Using twitter to generate alerts for cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities","author":"sudip","year":"0","journal-title":"2016 IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM)"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Extracting cybersecurity related linked data from text","author":"arnav","year":"0","journal-title":"2013 IEEE Seventh International Conference on Semantic Computing"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"A knowledge representation of cloud data controls for EU GDPR compliance","author":"lavanya","year":"2018","journal-title":"2018 IEEE World Congress on Services (SERVICES)"},{"key":"ref62","article-title":"The MITRE Corportation","year":"2019","journal-title":"MITRE ATT&CK Updates"},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"Semantic Services Description and Compositions: A Systematic Literature Review","author":"kabul","year":"0","journal-title":"2nd International Conference on Informatics and Computational Sciences"}],"event":{"name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI)","location":"Charlotte, NC, USA","start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]}},"container-title":["2023 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/10296974\/10297133\/10297134.pdf?arnumber=10297134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T19:30:49Z","timestamp":1701113449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10297134\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"references-count":62,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/isi58743.2023.10297134","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]}}}