{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T15:23:19Z","timestamp":1785511399348,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101104263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101104263"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/itsc60802.2025.11423145","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T20:10:23Z","timestamp":1773691823000},"page":"2884-2891","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["4D mmWave Radar for Sensing Enhancement in Adverse Environments: Advances and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Xiangyuan","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich,Munich,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huawei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich,Munich,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kay","family":"Bierzynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infineon Technologies AG,Neubiberg,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Servadei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich,Munich,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Wille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich,Munich,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11594\/ijmaber.05.07.32"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adcom.2023.06.004"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2024.104555"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2024.107837"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2020.3013099"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2024.3511427"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3479720"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-025-04698-2"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2024.3409556"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2024.3380244"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/068431-0276"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.01436"},{"key":"ref13","author":"Matuszka","year":"2022","journal-title":"aimotive dataset: A multimodal dataset for robust autonomous driving with long-range perception"},{"key":"ref14","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"4d millimeter-wave radar in autonomous driving: A survey"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IV55156.2024.10588837"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"129","article-title":"Automotive radar dataset for deep learning based 3d object detection","volume-title":"2019 16th European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","author":"Meyer","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2022.3147324"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01651"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/icp.2023.3292"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRS.2024.3485578"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2023.3292574"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02783649211068535"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2023.3301290"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC55140.2022.9922539"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tiv.2024.3424942"},{"key":"ref26","author":"Armanious","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bosch street dataset: A multi-modal dataset with imaging radar for automated driving"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/079017-1982"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72998-0_13"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v39i4.32397"},{"key":"ref30","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"V2x-radar: A multi-modal dataset with 4d radar for cooperative perception"},{"key":"ref31","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"V2x-r: Cooperative lidar-4d radar fusion for 3d object detection with denoising diffusion"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3432996"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tpami.2026.3663672"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3415772"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2023.3307005"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC57777.2023.10422606"},{"key":"ref37","author":"Gong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Didlm: A comprehensive multi-sensor dataset with infrared cameras, depth cameras, lidar, and 4d millimeter-wave radar in challenging scenarios for 3d mapping"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tiv.2024.3463968"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02783649251329048"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA55743.2025.11128678"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3565878"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72998-0_13"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"1","article-title":"Carla: An open urban driving simulator","volume-title":"Conference on robot learning","author":"Dosovitskiy"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.01666"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72992-8_21"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01588"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01298"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.02076"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.01830"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/075280-2347"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tiv.2024.3507538"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS47612.2022.9982123"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA46639.2022.9812038"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA48891.2023.10160968"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Availability-aware sensor fusion via unified canonical space for 4d radar, lidar, and camera","author":"Paek","year":"2025","journal-title":"arXiv preprint"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/079017-3222"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2024.3428696"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MECO62516.2024.10577789"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IV55152.2023.10186820"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC58415.2024.10920017"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IV55156.2024.10588669"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2025.01.033"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tcsvt.2026.3657111"},{"key":"ref64","author":"Skog","year":"2024","journal-title":"Human detection from 4d radar data in low-visibility field conditions"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2024.3502056"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-16453-z"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/EURAD.2017.8249138"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics13142729"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2024.3439001"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MVT.2019.2892497"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2024.3382669"},{"key":"ref72","author":"Noh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adaptive lidar-radar fusion for outdoor odometry across dense smoke conditions"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC57777.2023.10422147"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2025.3528986"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2023.3280525"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2023.3321240"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tits.2025.3554313"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v39i3.32328"}],"event":{"name":"2025 IEEE 28th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","location":"Gold Coast, Australia","start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]}},"container-title":["2025 IEEE 28th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11422813\/11423000\/11423145.pdf?arnumber=11423145","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T05:48:18Z","timestamp":1773726498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11423145\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"references-count":78,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/itsc60802.2025.11423145","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]}}}