{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:47:20Z","timestamp":1792108040609,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"Malta Government Scholarship Scheme grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jbhi.2020.2965088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]],"date-time":"2020-01-09T20:51:44Z","timestamp":1578603104000},"page":"1004-1015","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Bimodal Automated Carotid Ultrasound Segmentation Using Geometrically Constrained Deep Neural Networks"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7783-5917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl","family":"Azzopardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0436-6408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth P.","family":"Camilleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7179-4587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yulia A.","family":"Hicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1","article-title":"Image features from phase congruency","volume":"1","author":"kovesi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Videre"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8655(87)90013-4"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IECBES.2010.5742289"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Anatomically constrained neural networks (ACNN): Application to Cardiac image enhancement and segmentation","author":"oktay","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13581"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1119","article-title":"U-net based automatic Carotid Plaque segmentation from 3\ufffdd Ultrasound images","author":"ran zhou","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-8415(00)00006-2"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2010.2090889"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2003.1227801"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2006.877092"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-810408-8.00007-9"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2014.09.066"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI.2017.7950598"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2009.34"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000659"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Segmentation of 3D Carotid Ultrasound images using weak Geometric priors","author":"solovey","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Semi- automatic segmentation of Atherosclerotic Carotid Artery Lumen using 3d Ultrasound Imaging","volume":"8869","author":"hossain","year":"2013","journal-title":"SPIE"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2007.899180"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.01.013"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4800797"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2017.07.005"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Semantic image segmentation with deep convolutional nets and fully connected CRFs","author":"chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"ICLRE"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3574887"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1287111"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"Invariant measures of image features from phase information","author":"kovesi","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"37s","article-title":"Use of monitoring software to improve the measurement of Carotid wall thickness by B-mode imaging","volume":"10","author":"touboul","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Hypertens Suppl"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/19.982968"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2004.12.002"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2009.2013964"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.911628"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/46\/4\/327"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2607(00)00149-8"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"2","article-title":"Real-time extraction of Carotid Artery contours from ultrasound\/nimages","author":"abolmaesumi","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 13th IEEE Symp Comput -Based Med Syst"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.10.004"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0902.104353"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.220.1.r01jl35179"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ejvs.2002.1666"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2010.04.007"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.599014"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.37595"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4915925"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"127","author":"abbena","year":"2006","journal-title":"Modern Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces with Mathematica"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"285","article-title":"Boundary loss for highly unbalanced segmentation","author":"kervadec","year":"0","journal-title":"Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.1994.576361"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"53","author":"prechelt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Early Stopping &#x2014; But When?"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"U-net: Convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation","author":"ronneberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv 1505 04597"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"1","article-title":"Image features from phase congruency","volume":"1","author":"kovesi","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Digit Image Comput Techn Appl Proc VIIth Biennial Australian Pattern Recognit Soc Conf"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40763-5_31"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"1929","article-title":"Dropout: A simple way to prevent neural networks from overfitting","volume":"15","author":"srivastava","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6221020\/9056600\/08954729.pdf?arnumber=8954729","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T17:20:04Z","timestamp":1651080004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8954729\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jbhi.2020.2965088","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-2194","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-2208","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}}}