{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:28:28Z","timestamp":1778822908958,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-009"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-001"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["RF1 AG052653"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1 AG052653"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jbhi.2020.3030224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T19:27:24Z","timestamp":1602530844000},"page":"3529-3538","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Severity and Consolidation Quantification of COVID-19 From CT Images Using Deep Learning Based on Hybrid Weak Labels"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3204-3502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dufan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2669-2610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuang","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chiara Daniela","family":"Arru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Homayounieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9686-6751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo","family":"Bizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Varun","family":"Buch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9860-072X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyungsang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5560-6136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nir","family":"Neumark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pengcheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nuobei","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Won Young","family":"Tak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Soo Young","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yu Rim","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Min Kyu","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jung Gil","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Carriero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Saba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Masjedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hamidreza","family":"Talari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Babaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hadi Karimi","family":"Mobin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shadi","family":"Ebrahimian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ittai","family":"Dayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mannudeep K.","family":"Kalra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9651-5820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quanzheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref33","first-page":"234","article-title":"U-net: Convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation","author":"ronneberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Med Image Comput Comput -Assisted Intervention"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00934-2_90"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"1742","article-title":"Weakly-and semi-supervised learning of a deep convolutional network for semantic image segmentation","author":"papandreou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00759"},{"key":"ref37","author":"little","year":"2019","journal-title":"Statistical Analysis with Missing Data"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.802758"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"kingma","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 3rd Int Conf Learn Representations (ICLR)"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41747-020-00173-2"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200370"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200230","article-title":"CT imaging features of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)","volume":"295","author":"chung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.22688"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06748-2"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3065386"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65e","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200905","article-title":"Using artificial intelligence to detect COVID-19 and community-acquired pneumonia based on pulmonary CT: Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy","volume":"296","author":"li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106897"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Coronavirus detection and analysis on chest CT with deep learning","author":"gozes","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2004 02640"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Rapid ai development cycle for the coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic: Initial results for automated detection & patient monitoring using deep learning ct image analysis","author":"gozes","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2003 05037"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76282-0"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2020.2996645"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32e","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200642","article-title":"Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in china: A report of 1014 cases","volume":"296","author":"ai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/ryct.2020200047"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taaa021"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113e","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200527","article-title":"Essentials for radiologists on COVID-19: An update&#x2014;Radiology scientific expert panel","volume":"296","author":"kanne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-66179-7_69"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200432"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.04.003","article-title":"The role of chest imaging in patient management during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational consensus statement from the Fleischner society","volume":"158","author":"rubin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/ryct.2020200092"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.03.031"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30120-1"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3005510"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00775-2020"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.03.12.20027185","article-title":"Deep learning-based detection for COVID-19 from chest CT using weak label","author":"zheng","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Lung infection quantification of COVID-19 in CT images with deep learning","author":"shan","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 04655"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/ryct.2020200075"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/abbf9e"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/ryai.2020200048"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6221020\/9281055\/09220769.pdf?arnumber=9220769","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T17:20:00Z","timestamp":1651080000000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9220769\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jbhi.2020.3030224","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-2194","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-2208","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}}}