{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T18:09:59Z","timestamp":1775066999760,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["336449"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["336449"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Infotech Institute, University of Oulu, Finland"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jbhi.2025.3536170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T14:00:03Z","timestamp":1738159203000},"page":"6276-6286","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["End-to-End Prediction of Knee Osteoarthritis Progression With Multimodal Transformers"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2500-6375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Egor","family":"Panfilov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2850-5484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simo","family":"Saarakkala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2300-2848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miika T.","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7852-4141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksei","family":"Tiulpin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100587"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2844"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.08.009"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.20575.1"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-022-04191-6"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22016"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.16.4.485"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39324"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513508376"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.05.020"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key274"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23577"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.05.004"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90292-6"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05926-1"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.09.011"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.03.012"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.10.016"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.07.012"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000909"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25972"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021204587"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24811"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.03.005"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37987"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.212009"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24849"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2017.07.005"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbx044"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2019.2943836"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"One map does not fit all: Evaluating saliency map explanation on multi-modal medical images","author":"Jin","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"5256","article-title":"Which explanation should I. choose? A function approximation perspective to characterizing post hoc explanations","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"35","author":"Han","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2022.10.001"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56527-3"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"1","article-title":"Total knee replacement prediction using structural MRIs and 3D convolutional neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Med. Imag. Deep Learn.","author":"Wang","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-63395-9"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI52829.2022.9761458"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2017.05.002"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-00341-z"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67441-4"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1656"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"An image is worth 16x16 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale","author":"Dosovitskiy","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-87199-4_10"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI52829.2022.9761545"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/ac9830"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2023.3308712"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref47","first-page":"1833","article-title":"Validation study of WOMAC: A health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee","volume":"15","author":"Bellamy","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.06.021"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-021-03773-0"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1953048.2078195"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"Kingma","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0686-2"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21359"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2012.4038"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Western ontario and McMaster universities osteoarthritis index","author":"Ryan","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-44584-3_36"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"Captum: A unified and generic model interpretability library for PyTorch","author":"Kokhlikyan","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24778"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/acc169"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11971"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.220634"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.06.024"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/ryai.2021200165"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.08.015"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42836-022-00118-7"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.08.003"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ostima.2021.100003"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2019.00057"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2022.102388"},{"key":"ref70","article-title":"Adapting pretrained vision-language foundational models to medical imaging domains","author":"Chambon","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05881-4"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3394171.3413977"},{"key":"ref73","first-page":"9355","article-title":"Twins: Revisiting the design of spatial attention in vision transformers","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"34","author":"Chu","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2023.102802"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.06.022"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24877"},{"key":"ref77","first-page":"24043","article-title":"Characterizing and overcoming the greedy nature of learning in multi-modal deep neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Wu","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2022.102684"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2019.00046"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2008.02.017"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6221020\/11152528\/10857277.pdf?arnumber=10857277","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T18:34:21Z","timestamp":1765305261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10857277\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jbhi.2025.3536170","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-2194","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-2208","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}}}