{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:54:15Z","timestamp":1778824455141,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"RGC Collaborative Research Fund","award":["C5055-24G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C5055-24G"]}]},{"name":"Start-up Fund of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","award":["P0045999"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0045999"]}]},{"name":"Seed Fund of the Research Institute for Smart Ageing","award":["P0050946"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0050946"]}]},{"name":"Tsinghua-PolyU Joint Research Initiative Fund","award":["P0056509"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0056509"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jbhi.2025.3576436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T13:52:24Z","timestamp":1748958744000},"page":"8395-8408","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["ADFound: A Foundation Model for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9990-4058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangqian","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kangrui","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computational Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5865-9221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhihan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3057-1862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ye","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4618-7865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva Yi Wah","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3407-9226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongping","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9441-7832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoe","family":"Kourtzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0099-6306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carola-Bibiane","family":"Sch\u00f6nlieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1495-3278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shujun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6217"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8301.2012.00407.x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ndt.s172285"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2018.2882392"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2889096"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2021.109376"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2023.1102869"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2024.3412812"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2024.108979"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2024.3390606"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12040896"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06555-x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05881-4"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02856-4"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02504-3"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02857-3"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02959-y"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02887-x"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2024.103202"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"MIS-FM: 3D medical image segmentation using foundation models pretrained on a large-scale unannotated dataset","author":"Wang","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40260-7"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08378-w"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-024-02499-w"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Mamba: Linear-time sequence modeling with selective state spaces","author":"Gu","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12938-024-01204-4"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40708-023-00195-7"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2019.04.093"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56001-9"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI53787.2023.10230577"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2023.107050"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2024.103213"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2024.3432531"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72390-2_32"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065724500436"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.00371"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"SAM 2: Segment anything in images and videos","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Ravi","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-44824-z"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-43996-4_10"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-022-00936-9"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2023.102996"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Efficiently modeling long sequences with structured state spaces","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Gu","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Vision mamba: Efficient visual representation learning with bidirectional state space model","volume-title":"Proc. 41st Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Zhu","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"U-mamba: Enhancing long-range dependency for biomedical image segmentation","author":"Ma","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72111-3_54"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72114-4_59"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"MedMamba: Vision mamba for medical image classification","author":"Yue","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV61041.2025.00176"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44267-024-00072-9"},{"key":"ref50","article-title":"Vl-Mamba: Exploring state space models for multimodal learning","author":"Qiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-19836-6_20"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-43904-9_48"},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"Layer grafted pre-training: Bridging contrastive learning and masked image modeling for label-efficient representations","volume-title":"Proc. 11th Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Jiang","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.05.1769"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.06.1439"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2023.105709"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.021"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119474"},{"key":"ref59","article-title":"Decoupled weight decay regularization","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Loshchilov","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00975"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00685"},{"key":"ref62","article-title":"Med3D: Transfer learning for 3D medical image analysis","author":"Chen","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref63","article-title":"An image is worth 16x16 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Dosovitskiy","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2020.3006925"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-021-06149-6"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.02006"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI60581.2025.10980694"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2023.106788"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43958-w"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6221020\/11231104\/11023095.pdf?arnumber=11023095","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T18:11:10Z","timestamp":1762539070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11023095\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jbhi.2025.3576436","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-2194","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-2208","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}}}