{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:10:52Z","timestamp":1777673452116,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIS-1915599"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIS-1915599"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIS-1915169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIS-1915169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIS-2037328"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIS-2037328"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ITE-2344423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ITE-2344423"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EEC-1160483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EEC-1160483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jbhi.2025.3616945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T17:40:19Z","timestamp":1759426819000},"page":"3485-3494","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Robust Multimodal Cough Detection With Optimized Out-of-Distribution Detection for Wearables"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3954-1608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0038-091X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feiya","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"}]},{"given":"Michelle L.","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2025-8140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delesha","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5538-262X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alper","family":"Bozkurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4056-8309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar","family":"Lobaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-2600(17)30293-x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3097559"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref3","article-title":"Response","volume":"51","author":"Yiannikas","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurgery Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2015.2412493"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC46164.2021.9629814"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2023.102040"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC53108.2024.10782697"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"14707","article-title":"Likelihood ratios for out-of-distribution detection","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Ren","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Explaining and harnessing adversarial examples","volume-title":"Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Learn. Representation","author":"Goodfellow","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298640"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2023.3264783"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03091902.2012.758322"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIBM.2014.6999220"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2006.873548"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2019.8856412"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2019.8857792"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.117811"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2022.3152944"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICHI.2019.8904554"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"2410","article-title":"A baseline for detecting misclassified and out-of-distribution examples in neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Learn. Representation","author":"Hendrycks","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Enhancing the reliability of out-of-distribution image detection in neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Learn. Representation","author":"Liang","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Learning confidence for out-of-distribution detection in neural networks","author":"DeVries","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"7375","article-title":"Out-of-distribution detection using multiple semantic label representations","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Shalev","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Confidence estimation in deep neural networks via density modelling","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Multimedia Expo","author":"Subramanya","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Improving reconstruction autoencoder out-of-distribution detection with mahalanobis distance","author":"Denouden","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Detecting out-of-distribution inputs in deep neural networks using an early-layer output","author":"Abdelzad","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"2546","article-title":"Training confidence-calibrated classifiers for detecting out-of-distribution samples","volume-title":"Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Learn. Representation","author":"Lee","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"2942","article-title":"Deep anomaly detection with outlier exposure","volume-title":"Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Learn. Representation","author":"Hendrycks","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Out-of-distribution detection in classifiers via generation","volume-title":"Proc. 33rd Conf. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. (Saf. Robustness Decis. Making Workshop)","author":"Vernekar","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.00487"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW59228.2023.00296"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11265-022-01748-5"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC40787.2023.10340413"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"TOZO wireless earbuds","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Mobilenets: Efficient convolutional neural networks for mobile vision applications","author":"Howard","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00474"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00140"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206848"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7952261"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP49357.2023.10096110"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref41","first-page":"1","article-title":"A review on evaluation metrics for data classification evaluations","volume":"5","author":"Hossin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Data Mining Knowl. Manage. Process"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"32598","article-title":"Openood: Benchmarking generalized out-of-distribution detection","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"35","author":"Yang","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/ielam\/6221020\/11475574\/11189986-aam.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6221020\/11475574\/11189986.pdf?arnumber=11189986","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T20:00:56Z","timestamp":1775592056000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11189986\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jbhi.2025.3616945","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-2194","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-2208","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}}}