{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T20:06:05Z","timestamp":1780949165150,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62006087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62006087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52005169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52005169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jbhi.2025.3629804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T18:53:53Z","timestamp":1762455233000},"page":"5453-5464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unsupervised Feature Selection-Driven Active Learning for Semi-Supervised Automatic ECG Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0587-6605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongkang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songyang","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9776-4800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizhe","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1577-3287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8628-2074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-85729-868-3"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2021.107187"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15432-4"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.127955"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-30425-6_29"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0303178"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2024.02.006"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjdh\/ztad018"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2022.3173655"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100668"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"529","article-title":"Semi-supervised learning by entropy minimization","volume":"17","author":"Grandvalet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref13","first-page":"896","article-title":"Pseudo-label: The simple and efficient semi-supervised learning method for deep neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. Workshop Challenges Representation Learn.","volume":"3","author":"Lee"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"18408","article-title":"FlexMatch: Boosting semi-supervised learning with curriculum pseudo labeling","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2021.10.008"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"1195","article-title":"Mean teachers are better role models: Weight-averaged consistency targets improve semi-supervised deep learning results","volume":"30","author":"Tarvainen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"596","article-title":"Fixmatch: Simplifying semi-supervised learning with consistency and confidence","volume":"33","author":"Sohn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"Active Learning Literature Survey","author":"Settles","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3472291"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2023.01.028"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpbup.2023.100096"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2022.05.070"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.125266"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACAIT53529.2021.9731214"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-024-05962-5"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2025.110231"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"22919","article-title":"LADA: Look-ahead data acquisition via augmentation for deep active learning","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Active learning for convolutional neural networks: A core-set approach","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.","author":"Sener","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP39728.2021.9414665"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2021.102062"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Combining MixMatch and active learning for better accuracy with fewer labels","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.","author":"Song","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2023.110089"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2025.113173"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2024.120881"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2022.104238"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2024.108315"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"496","article-title":"Making your first choice: To address cold start problem in vision active learning","volume-title":"Proc. Med. Imag. Deep Learn.","author":"Chen"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV56688.2023.00591"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3029211"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a061766"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"227","article-title":"A new method for detecting atrial fibrillation using RR intervals","volume":"10","author":"Moody","year":"1983","journal-title":"Comput. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1620853.1620892"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.123"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6221020\/11552637\/11230510.pdf?arnumber=11230510","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T19:52:57Z","timestamp":1780948377000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11230510\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jbhi.2025.3629804","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-2194","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-2208","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}}}