{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T20:07:40Z","timestamp":1783714060317,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"name":"ANR within SAFEST","award":["ANR- 11-SECU-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR- 11-SECU-004"]}]},{"name":"SSF"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001858","name":"VINNOVA","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Internet Things J."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jiot.2015.2505901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,4]],"date-time":"2015-12-04T14:06:55Z","timestamp":1449238015000},"page":"720-734","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":232,"title":["Operating Systems for Low-End Devices in the Internet of Things: A Survey"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Oliver","family":"Hahm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Baccelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hauke","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Tsiftes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Network simulations with the NS-3 simulator","volume":"14","author":"henderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"SIGCOMM Demonstration"},{"key":"ref38","year":"0"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMRTS.2004.1311009"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1188913.1188921"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Sp 800-82. Guide to industrial control systems (ICS) security: Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed control systems (DCS), and other control system configurations such as programmable logic controllers (PLC)","author":"stouffer","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"ITRON project archive","year":"0"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"27","article-title":"MSPsim—An extensible simulator for MSP430-equipped sensor boards","author":"eriksson","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 10th Eur Conf Wireless Sensor Netw (EWSN)"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2753476.2753481"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Old wine in new skins? Revisiting the software architecture for IP network stacks on constrained IoT devices","author":"petersen","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ACM MobiSys Workshop IoT Challenges Mobile Ind Syst (IoT-Sys)"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2012.6364813"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2006.02.011"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2002.1028875"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1023875.1023894"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"The MC13224V SoC","year":"0"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2010.2046570"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"STM32F100VC microcontroller","year":"0"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2010.032610.00045"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Communication techniques and challenges for wireless food quality monitoring","volume":"372","author":"jedermann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Philos Trans Roy Soc London A Math Phys Eng Sci"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-10452-7_8"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2012.111412.00158"},{"key":"ref100","year":"2007","journal-title":"NanoStack Manual"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"41","article-title":"A comparative analysis of wireless sensor network operating systems","volume":"1","author":"saraswat","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-27139-2_7"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"207","article-title":"Experiences from a decade of TinyOS development","author":"levis","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 10th USENIX Conf Oper Syst Des Implementation"},{"key":"ref59","article-title":"Project Brillo","year":"0"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Open handset alliance, Android operating system","year":"0"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"Embedded Linux\/microcontoller project","year":"0"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1629575.1629596"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Ten years of research on L4-based real-time systems","author":"h\u00e4rtig","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Real Time Linux Workshop"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"Home of the L4 community","year":"0"},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"eCos embedded operating system","year":"0"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"NuttX real-time operating system—NuttX real-time operatin system","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCN.2004.38"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Z1 datasheet","year":"0"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Redwire Econotag II","year":"0"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"OpenMote-CC2538","year":"0"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"IoT-LAB: Very large scale open wireless sensor network testbed","year":"0"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc7228","article-title":"Terminology for constrained node networks","author":"bormann","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"FreeRTOS, a free open source RTOS for small embedded real time systems","author":"barry","year":"0"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Telos—Ultra Low Power IEEE 802.15.4 compliant wireless sensor module","year":"0"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1460412.1460483"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCN.2009.5355049"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"RIOT operating system","year":"0"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"CNN lite: Lightweight implementation of the content centric networkign protocol","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Berkeley’s OpenWSN project","year":"0"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1182807.1182811"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Contiki operating system","year":"0"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"RIOT and the evolution of IoT operating systems and applications","author":"baccelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"ERCIM News"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOMW.2013.6970748"},{"key":"ref73","article-title":"LiteOS","year":"0"},{"key":"ref72","article-title":"Lorien","year":"0"},{"key":"ref71","article-title":"MANTIS OS","year":"0"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-005-1567-8"},{"key":"ref76","article-title":"QNX","year":"0"},{"key":"ref77","article-title":"VxWorks","year":"0"},{"key":"ref74","article-title":"ThreadX","year":"0"},{"key":"ref75","article-title":"Express Logic’s ThreadX® to bring full RTOS capabilities to the ARM® mbed™ ecosystem","year":"0"},{"key":"ref78","article-title":"Wind river rocket","year":"0"},{"key":"ref79","article-title":"PikeOS","year":"0"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"ChibiOS\/RT","year":"0"},{"key":"ref62","year":"0"},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"CoOS","year":"0"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1869983.1870057"},{"key":"ref64","article-title":"NanoQplus: A multi-threaded operating system with memory protection mechanism for WSNs","volume":"20","author":"kim","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 1st China–Korea WSN Int Workshop (CKWSN’2008)"},{"key":"ref65","article-title":"NanoRK operating system","year":"0"},{"key":"ref66","article-title":"Nut\/OS","year":"0"},{"key":"ref67","article-title":"Liquorice OS for embedded systems","year":"0"},{"key":"ref68","article-title":"Real-time executive for multiprocessor systems","year":"0"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Arduino due","year":"0"},{"key":"ref69","article-title":"SOS 2.X","year":"0"},{"key":"ref1","author":"upton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Meet the Raspberry Pi"},{"key":"ref95","year":"0"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-29273-6_23"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-15582-1_1"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1644038.1644056"},{"key":"ref91","year":"0"},{"key":"ref90","article-title":"Tessel embedded development platform","year":"0"},{"key":"ref103","article-title":"Gartner study: Makers and startups are the ones shaping the internet of things","author":"basiliere","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref102","article-title":"Verifying FreeRTOS; A feasibility study","author":"pronk","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref98","article-title":"DES-testbed","author":"g\u00fcnes","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref99","article-title":"lwIP—A lightweight TCP\/IP stack","year":"0"},{"key":"ref96","article-title":"The DES testbed virtualization framework","year":"0"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WF-IoT.2015.7389098"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Pebble smart watch","year":"0"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Huawei Network Congress 2015 announcement","year":"0"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"mbed OS","year":"0"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Google Brillo–An Internet of Things OS that runs on 32\ufffdMB RAM","year":"0"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Chip-makers are betting that Moore’s Law won’t matter in the Internet of Things","author":"mirani","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc5548","article-title":"Routing requirements for urban low-power and lossy networks","author":"dohler","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc5867","article-title":"Building automation routing requirements in low-power and lossy networks","author":"martocci","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref82","article-title":"SCIOPTA","year":"0"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc5673","article-title":"Industrial routing requirements in low-power and lossy networks","author":"pister","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref81","article-title":"Nucleus RTOS","year":"0"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc5826","article-title":"Home automation routing requirements in low-power and lossy networks","author":"brandt","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref84","article-title":"uC\/OS-III","year":"0"},{"key":"ref19","author":"rose","year":"2015","journal-title":"Overview of Internet of Things"},{"key":"ref83","article-title":"uC\/OS-II","year":"0"},{"key":"ref80","article-title":"embOS","year":"0"},{"key":"ref89","article-title":"JavaScript for microcontrollers","year":"0"},{"key":"ref85","article-title":"$\\mu$-velOSity","year":"0"},{"key":"ref86","article-title":"Windows CE","year":"0"},{"key":"ref87","article-title":"LiteOS","year":"0"},{"key":"ref88","year":"0"}],"container-title":["IEEE Internet of Things Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6488907\/7563473\/07347318.pdf?arnumber=7347318","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T11:45:09Z","timestamp":1641987909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7347318\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jiot.2015.2505901","relation":{},"ISSN":["2327-4662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2327-4662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]}}}