{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T06:12:27Z","timestamp":1774678347138,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Internet Things J."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jiot.2019.2911969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T15:40:17Z","timestamp":1558626017000},"page":"6835-6842","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":135,"title":["Proof-of-Work Consensus Approach in Blockchain Technology for Cloud and Fog Computing Using Maximization-Factorization Statistics"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0026-149X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gulshan","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3921-9512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mritunjay Kumar","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Reji","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0117-8102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tai-Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","author":"borman","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Expectation Maximization Algorithm a Short Tutorial"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2018.07.017"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physleta.2018.11.013","article-title":"Hierarchical centralities of information transmissions in reaching a consensus","volume":"383","author":"xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys Lett A"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physleta.2011.10.073"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amc.2018.06.031"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2018.08.017"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysconle.2017.07.001"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2018.03.037"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2017.08.1426"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1981.10477662"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2779263"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"311","article-title":"Some counterpart inequalities for a functional associated with Jensen’s inequality","volume":"1","author":"dragomir","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Inequalities and Applications"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSCS.2017.102"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11390-018-1840-5"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40854-016-0040-y"},{"key":"ref14","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blockchain and Fog Made for Each Other"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2757955"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2871706"},{"key":"ref17","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bitcoin Mining Hardware Guide"},{"key":"ref18","author":"ball","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proofs of useful work"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/MIPRO.2018.8400278"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysconle.2018.10.001"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-018-2516-1"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2018.04.002"},{"key":"ref3","year":"2018","journal-title":"Real World Blockchain Applications"},{"key":"ref6","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blockchain for Dummies"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2018.07.018"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10686967.2018.1404373"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1","article-title":"EdgeChain: An edge-IoT framework and prototype based on blockchain and smart contracts","volume":"abs 1806 6185","author":"pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2842685"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-018-2387-5"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"CreditCoin: Secure resource management using blockchain and smart contracts for edge-IoT system","author":"wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Nat Security Agency (NSA) NCCP CyberEd Workshop"},{"key":"ref1","year":"2015","journal-title":"The great chain of being sure about things"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SMC.2017.8123011"},{"key":"ref45","year":"2018","journal-title":"Implementing Blockchain and Cryptocurrency With PoW Consensus Algorithm"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Double spending risk quantification in private, consortium and public ethereum blockchains","volume":"abs 1805 5004","author":"ekparinya","year":"2018","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigDataCongress.2017.85"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1912057"},{"key":"ref24","year":"2018","journal-title":"What is Proof-of-Work"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5749\/j.ctttsf26"},{"key":"ref23","year":"2018","journal-title":"How the Blockchain Works"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-813409-2.00003-0"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en11071844"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1912186"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2017.09.023"}],"container-title":["IEEE Internet of Things Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6488907\/8784345\/08693791.pdf?arnumber=8693791","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T20:56:10Z","timestamp":1657745770000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8693791\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jiot.2019.2911969","relation":{},"ISSN":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2327-4662","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2372-2541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}}}