{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T16:11:01Z","timestamp":1770739861067,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771113600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771113600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771113600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"NSF","award":["CNS-2312447"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-2312447"]}]},{"name":"NSF","award":["ECCS-2434000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECCS-2434000"]}]},{"name":"Office of Naval Research (ONR) Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","award":["N00014-19-1-2621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N00014-19-1-2621"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030807","name":"Virginia Commonwealth Cyber Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"NSF","award":["CNS-2312448"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-2312448"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Internet Things J."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jiot.2025.3638746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T18:44:07Z","timestamp":1764355447000},"page":"6890-6904","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MOGUL: A Model-Guided Learning Approach for Scheduling in 5G O-RAN"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7731-4989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yubo","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3272-5239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huacheng","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2421-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjing","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Arlington, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3716-5768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y.","family":"Thomas Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"O-RAN Alliance","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2023.3239220"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOMSTD.101.2000014"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.101.2001120"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.108.2100659"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2021.3057679"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"O-RAN Working Group 1 (Use Cases and Overall Architecture) Slicing Architecture","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref8","volume-title":"O-RAN Working Group 3 (Near-Real-Time RAN Intelligent Controller and E2 Interface WG) Near-RT RIC Architecture","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"O-RAN Working Group 2 (Non-RT RIC and A1 Interface WG) Non-RT RIC Architecture","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref10","volume-title":"O-RAN Working Group 2 AI\/ML Workflow Description and Requirements","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOM.2012.6195733"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2013.022113.120678"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2011.206"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcm.2735"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3241539.3241552"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM42981.2021.9488684"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2023.3336164"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2024.3456596"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2022.3207160"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014147"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MASS58611.2023.00043"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MILCOM61039.2024.10773760"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139088466"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.2978692"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC45041.2023.10279678"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2021.3078498"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2024.3405950"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM52122.2024.10621305"},{"key":"ref29","volume-title":"Procedures for the 5G System (TS 23.502 Version 18.5.0)","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2008.154"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.1998.712192"},{"key":"ref32","volume-title":"Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Foundations and Modern Approaches","author":"Albrecht","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Continuous control with deep reinforcement learning","author":"Lillicrap","year":"2019","journal-title":"arxiv:1509.02971"},{"key":"ref34","volume-title":"Deep Learning","author":"Goodfellow","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref35","volume-title":"NR; NR and NG-RAN Overall Description","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref36","volume-title":"NR; Physical Channels and Modulation","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511807213"},{"key":"ref38","volume-title":"NR; Physical Layer Procedures for Data","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.011.2000016"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-015-0388-0"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"A comprehensive survey of reinforcement learning: From algorithms to practical challenges","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2025","journal-title":"arxiv:2411.18892"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Playing Atari with deep reinforcement learning","author":"Mnih","year":"2013","journal-title":"arxiv:1312.5602"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Proximal policy optimization algorithms","author":"Schulman","year":"2017","journal-title":"arxiv:1707.06347"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2103.01955"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2021.3086535"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Soft actor-critic: Off-policy maximum entropy deep reinforcement learning with a stochastic actor","author":"Haarnoja","year":"2018","journal-title":"arxiv:1801.01290"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Deep reinforcement learning in large discrete action spaces","author":"Dulac-Arnold","year":"2016","journal-title":"arxiv:1512.07679"},{"key":"ref48","volume-title":"NVIDIA Tesla V100","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"CUDA C Programming Guide","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref50","volume-title":"CUDA Toolkit","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref51","volume-title":"5G Toolbox Documentation","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref52","volume-title":"Study on Channel Model for Frequencies From 0.5 to 100 GHz","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref53","volume-title":"PettingZoo","year":"2025"}],"container-title":["IEEE Internet of Things Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/ielam\/6488907\/11372629\/11271259-aam.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6488907\/11372629\/11271259.pdf?arnumber=11271259","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T21:09:15Z","timestamp":1770671355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11271259\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jiot.2025.3638746","relation":{},"ISSN":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2327-4662","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2372-2541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]}}}