{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T20:14:34Z","timestamp":1778530474995,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Internet Things J."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jiot.2026.3662349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T21:08:09Z","timestamp":1770671289000},"page":"20312-20338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Four-Paradigm Taxonomy and Systematic Survey of Blockchain-Enabled Intrusion Detection Systems for IoT and IIoT"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0702-2558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boxi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1085-5091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yapeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6883-7996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonel","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science and Communication Research Center, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7037-3609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5599-4300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sio-Kei","family":"Im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40745-017-0112-5"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCGridW59191.2023.00017"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2018.2844742"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2018.2843527"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-022-03645-9"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2023.103320"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2024.05.048"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AIIoT61789.2024.10578958"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Comprehensive survey of security techniques in the post-digital era: From intrusion detection to blockchain-based assurance models","author":"Micheal","year":"2025"},{"issue":"37","key":"ref10","first-page":"1","article-title":"A next-generation smart contract and decentralized application platform","volume":"3","author":"Buterin","year":"2014","journal-title":"White Paper"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978309"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41870-024-02324-9"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WIMOB.2006.1696366"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICETET.2008.252"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13198-014-0277-7"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0302.970201"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2382196.2382284"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/997150.997156"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24676-3_32"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00217"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-024-19777-6"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2017.03.034"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Feasibility of proof of authority as a consensus protocol model","author":"Joshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2109.02480"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system","author":"Nakamoto","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3559361"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/diss.2018.23003"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-39964-3_62"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24654-1_13"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3190508.3190538"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2020.2975999"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24144591"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3479722.3480994"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP54263.2024.00230"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM42002.2020.9322220"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12928\/telkomnika.v19i5.20415"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3035918.3064033"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3360774.3360798"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCN48667.2020.9314831"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICoAC44903.2018.8939074"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.02.064"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2911548"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/I-SMAC47947.2019.9032557"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3053842"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/csse.2022.017130"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3347492"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3520615"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOTM.001.2300191"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rfs\/hhaa075"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-34047-5_25"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s102070100002"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19143119"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DCOSS49796.2020.00074"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10212662"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2022.01.030"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2023.3320282"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12163524"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48084\/etasr.5992"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2023.3325964"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-16662-6"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48084\/etasr.7384"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2024.101307"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14569\/ijacsa.2024.0150497"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1130.003.0015"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref64","first-page":"11","article-title":"Advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm to encrypt and decrypt data","volume":"16","author":"Abdullah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cryptography Netw. Secur."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29172\/7c2a6982-6d72-4cd8-bba6-2fccb06a7011"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177729586"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MilCIS.2015.7348942"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2016.2548426"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13198-015-0376-0"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.650093"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316641"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0042519"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9071120"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.2996590"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3256277"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3299589"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59461\/ijdiic.v2i1.42"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3316669"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HPSR62440.2024.10635989"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00607-024-01390-y"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-04164-4"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics14020261"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData47090.2019.9005997"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/Trustcom.2015.357"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.726791"},{"key":"ref87","article-title":"IPFS\u2013content addressed, versioned, P2P file system","author":"Benet","year":"2014","journal-title":"arXiv:1407.3561"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3119968"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2022.108379"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SIN56466.2022.9970536"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10061110"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/JCN.2024.000016"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2024.3351882"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3406602"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3351699"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2024.103677"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigDataSecurity66063.2025.00027"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-024-04943-0"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2020.3042392"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1391729.1391730"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3649406"},{"key":"ref102","article-title":"Llm-based event log analysis techniques: A survey","author":"Akhtar","year":"2025","journal-title":"arXiv:2502.00677"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCTrkiye68593.2025.11224813"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fi17030109"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2023.10.026"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003496724-41"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ATNAC.2017.8215367"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2016.2579198"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-25283-0_18"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42400-025-00361-w"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2022.3177512"},{"key":"ref112","article-title":"Prompt injection attack against LLM-integrated applications","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2306.05499"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3128646"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01615"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3335741.3335750"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad9480"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04623-2"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cryptography9020038"},{"key":"ref119","article-title":"Pq-hpke: Post-quantum hybrid public key encryption","author":"Anastasova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cryptol. ePrint Arch."},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2024.3378006"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2025.3576594"}],"container-title":["IEEE Internet of Things Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6488907\/11513275\/11381586.pdf?arnumber=11381586","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T19:49:00Z","timestamp":1778528940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11381586\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"references-count":121,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jiot.2026.3662349","relation":{},"ISSN":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2327-4662","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2372-2541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]}}}