{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:01:20Z","timestamp":1791910880587,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/OAPA.html"}],"funder":[{"name":"Government of Canada Postdoctoral Research Fellowship program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc. IEEE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jproc.2014.2358691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,14]],"date-time":"2014-10-14T14:32:47Z","timestamp":1413297167000},"page":"1667-1691","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":220,"title":["Radio-Frequency Rectifier for Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting: Development Path and Future Outlook"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Simon","family":"Hemour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.899062"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"42","author":"ho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Solar brightness temperature and corresponding antenna noise temperature at microwave frequencies"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"449","volume":"8","author":"kroemer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Quasi-electric fields and band offsets Teaching electrons new tricks"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.73.767"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.50.181"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.201.4359.871"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TTHZ.2011.2159553"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"92","author":"gr\u00fcnberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"From spinwaves to Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) and beyond"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.80.1517"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1439-7641(20010917)2:8\/9<482::AID-CPHC482>3.3.CO;2-P"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.46.237"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.174.4013.985"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.50.191"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"320","volume":"12","author":"dirac","year":"1933","journal-title":"Theory of electrons and positrons"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-02994-7_20"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1934.0168"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.74.250"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1946","volume":"11","author":"bridgman","year":"1946","journal-title":"General survey of certain results in the field of high-pressure physics"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWSYM.2012.6259629"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.126.3264.105"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0375-9601(75)90174-7"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.126.3265.151"},{"key":"ref50","year":"2012","journal-title":"RF spectral survey in London Measurements at the Mile End metro station"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MAHC.2010.28"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2005.844258"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2009.5277448","article-title":"Edouard Branly, the Coherer, the Branly effect","volume":"47","author":"dilhac","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Commun Mag"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JRPROC.1962.288096"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Radio detector development","volume":"4","author":"secor","year":"1917","journal-title":"Electron Exp"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MAP.2002.1003633"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/14786447408641116","article-title":"XXXVI. On unilateral conductivity","volume":"48","author":"schuster","year":"1874","journal-title":"London Edinburgh Dublin Philosoph Mag J Sci"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/andp.18752291207"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2014.2305134"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1109\/JRPROC.1919.217463","article-title":"the design of poulsen arc converters for radio telegraphy","volume":"7","author":"fuller","year":"1919","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IRE"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002241"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511793677"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031912-114404"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.energy.30.050504.144424"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10854-007-9177-9"},{"key":"ref49","author":"sanou","year":"2013","journal-title":"ICT Facts and Figures"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPE.2009.934876"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2009.2024652"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.1984.1132813"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.1984.1132835"},{"key":"ref48","author":"watkins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Embedded WLAN (Wi-Fi) CE Devices Global Market Forecast"},{"key":"ref47","author":"mavrakis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Small Cell Market Status&#x2014;December 2012"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JRPROC.1913.216569"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MAP.1982.27650"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1109\/T-ED.1976.18476","article-title":"historical notes on the cavity magnetron","volume":"23","author":"boot","year":"1976","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices"},{"key":"ref43","author":"valley","year":"1948","journal-title":"Vacuum Tube Amplifiers"},{"key":"ref73","author":"ohl","year":"1976","journal-title":"Interview of Russel Ohl by Lillian H Hoddeson"},{"key":"ref72","author":"corrigan","year":"1922","journal-title":"The &#x201C;P W &#x201D; Crystal Experimenter's Handbook Information You Cannot Do Without"},{"key":"ref71","author":"torrey","year":"1948","journal-title":"Crystal Rectifiers"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevSeriesI.24.508"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JRPROC.1955.278042"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1964.tb04064.x"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1952.tb01378.x"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1947.tb01310.x"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1965.tb04191.x"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1968.tb00038.x"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIE.2012.2182822"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMM.2013.2269858"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1116\/1.1881652"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2004.839598"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"113","article-title":"La telegrafia senza fili e la R. Marina Italiana","author":"banti","year":"1902","journal-title":"L'Elettricista Series II"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.658778"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pre-1900 semiconductor research and semiconductor device applications","author":"khan","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf History Electron"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSPEC.1983.6369844"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/20022436"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511793677.007"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1478-7814\/26\/1\/310"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5547\/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol24-No4-5"},{"key":"ref109","author":"brown","year":"1975","journal-title":"Free-space microwave power transmission study combined phase III and final report"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1116\/1.3501350"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3778"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RFIC.2007.380858"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1336816"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.36.L1120"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.83.640"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1659141"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04207"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.88238"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1110549"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JQE.1974.1068209"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1257"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.74.3273"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2014.2298368","article-title":"Theoretical analysis of RF-DC conversion efficiency for class-F rectifiers","volume":"62","author":"jiapin","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2012.2222919"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/22.141359"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1936.0031"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2024"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sse.2011.09.004"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1116\/1.4818313"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2006.878356"},{"key":"ref11","author":"thomson","year":"1906","journal-title":"Carriers of negative electricity"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"226","volume":"11","author":"braun","year":"1909","journal-title":"Electrical oscillations and wireless telegraphy"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"196","volume":"11","author":"marconi","year":"1909","journal-title":"Wireless telegraphic communication"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"planck","year":"1920","journal-title":"The genesis and present state of development of the quantum theory"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1922","volume":"11","author":"bohr","year":"1922","journal-title":"THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWSYM.2013.6697580"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"244","volume":"12","author":"de broglie","year":"1929","journal-title":"The wave nature of the electron"},{"key":"ref82","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surface Mount mixer and Detector Schottky Diodes"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMW.2007.365059"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-61742-3_15"},{"key":"ref81","year":"2001","journal-title":"GaAs flip chip Schottky barrier diodes"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr60045a001"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LED.2008.922986"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0038-1101(67)90131-1"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02838770"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEDM.2001.979627"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.1966.1126337"},{"key":"ref113","author":"bahl","year":"1988","journal-title":"Microwave Solid State Circuit Design"},{"key":"ref116","author":"pozar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microwave Engineering"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/piee.1964.0040"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511805738"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1702884"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1109\/LMWC.2011.2123878","article-title":"Sub-micron area heterojunction backward diode millimeter-wave detectors with 0.18 pW\/Hz?(1\/2) noise equivalent power","volume":"21","author":"ze","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Microw Wireless Compon Lett"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.109.603"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01391020"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1510281"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the IEEE"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/5\/6926880\/06922611.pdf?arnumber=6922611","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T11:28:51Z","timestamp":1641986931000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/6922611\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"references-count":119,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jproc.2014.2358691","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9219","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2256","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}}}