{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T09:28:35Z","timestamp":1769851715565,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/OAPA.html"}],"funder":[{"name":"H2020 projects HOT and Graphene Flagship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc. IEEE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jproc.2018.2858542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T18:35:21Z","timestamp":1535740521000},"page":"2258-2269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Heterogeneous Integration on Silicon Photonics"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Owen","family":"Marshall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4767-6254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhechao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernardette","family":"Kunert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Koos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0111-431X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dries Van","family":"Thourhout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.24.009389"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2015.2463730"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2598-1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-19061-8","article-title":"Silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) Mach–Zehnder modulators for 100 Gbit\/s on-off keying","volume":"8","author":"wolf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.023784"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.26.000220"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.29.001209"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2015.07.064"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.5.000739"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/lsa.2015.28"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2014.2321498"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.17.017357"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2009.25"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10864"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm101815b"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ic:20070446"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPEX.13.005216"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.015618"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2009.2016849"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.15.005976"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2015.2499763"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"233","article-title":"The materials genome for organic electro-optics and silicon\/plasmonic-organic hybrid technology","author":"sullivan","year":"2015","journal-title":"New Horizons in Nanoscience and Engineering"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Nonlinear optics: Electro-optic applications","volume":"7","author":"dalton","year":"2015","journal-title":"The WSPC Reference on Organic Electronics Organic Semiconductors"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1156965","article-title":"Fine structure constant defines visual transparency of graphene","volume":"320","author":"nair","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl803279t"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3070238"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1021\/nl200758b","article-title":"Micrometer-scale ballistic transport in encapsulated graphene at room temperature","volume":"11","author":"mayorov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4NR01600A"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"aac9439","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac9439","article-title":"2D materials and van der Waals heterostructures","volume":"353","author":"novoselov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00102H"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102896"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2015.2394211"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.105341"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"th4a.5","article-title":"Ultra-high bandwidth integrated lithium niobate modulators with record-low \n$\\textrm{V}_\\mu$","author":"zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Opt Fib Commun Conf Postdeadline Paper PD4"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2695"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1551-2916.2008.02556.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2015.2510282"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar5000727"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl404513p"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsphotonics.6b00350"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4884829"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.24.011694"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139043885"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Demonstration of long-term thermally stable silicon-organic hybrid modulators at 85°C","author":"kieninger","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/lsa.2014.54"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.029927"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.003629"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2015.2394511"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ph5001605"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2013.240"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2013.253"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl2011388"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6463\/aa5c67"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2014.215"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5b02368"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7107","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b03374","article-title":"Controlled generation of a p–n junction in a waveguide integrated graphene photodetector","volume":"16","author":"schuler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3005","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5b05216","article-title":"On-chip integrated, silicon–graphene plasmonic Schottky photodetector with high responsivity and avalanche photogain","volume":"16","author":"goykhman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4477"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1152793","article-title":"Gate-variable optical transitions in graphene","volume":"320","author":"wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1021\/nl204202k","article-title":"Double-layer graphene optical modulator","volume":"12","author":"liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10067","article-title":"A graphene-based broadband optical modulator","volume":"474","author":"liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref63","article-title":"Graphene modulators and switches integrated on silicon and silicon nitride waveguide","volume":"23","author":"shiramin","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Topics Quantum Electron"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2015.122"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4393","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5b00630","article-title":"Effective electro-optical modulation with high extinction ratio by a graphene–silicon microring resonator","volume":"15","author":"ding","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lpor.201500250"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsphotonics.6b00398"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.24.029984"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2017.2779869"},{"key":"ref69","article-title":"Graphene phase modulator","author":"sorianello","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.012925"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b04690","article-title":"Room temperature O-band DFB laser array directly grown on (001) silicon","volume":"17","author":"tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2015.199"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4983389"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1557\/mrs.2016.24"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsphotonics.7b01387"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4993226"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b07911"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.4.001468"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4961936"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OFC.2017.Th5C.7"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"24.5.1","article-title":"A novel 25 Gbps electro-optic pockels modulator integrated on an advanced Si photonic platform","author":"eltes","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEDM Tech Dig"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2016.2522509"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OME.7.002030"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Monolithic integration of barium titanate on silicon for high-speed and power-efficient optical modulator applications","author":"hsu","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/aa53c2"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276X-8-62"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.011381"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05846-6"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn405834b"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym3031325"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4863223"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm102166j"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2013.2247979"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/2.0241707jss"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2014.2077"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2016.21"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.004632"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.41.001664"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.003927"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the IEEE"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/5\/8540482\/08453029.pdf?arnumber=8453029","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T19:05:06Z","timestamp":1643223906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8453029\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jproc.2018.2858542","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9219","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2256","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}}}