{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T09:22:12Z","timestamp":1789204932821,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":255,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc. IEEE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jproc.2023.3315689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T13:46:39Z","timestamp":1696340799000},"page":"1423-1444","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Affective Game Computing: A Survey"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2728-4026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios N.","family":"Yannakakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digital Games, University of Malta, Msida, Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2692-7061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Melhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digital Games, University of Malta, Msida, Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01449290500331156"},{"key":"ref207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2910017.2910616"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1496984.1496998"},{"key":"ref208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-019-08585-y"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"184","article-title":"Maintaining optimal challenge in computer games through real-time physiological feedback","author":"rani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Hum Comput Interact"},{"key":"ref205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2016.190"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2006.11.011"},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2019\/373"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"173","article-title":"The psychophysiology of emotion","volume":"2","author":"cacioppo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Handbook of Emotions"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2015.2396531"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-41316-7_7"},{"key":"ref204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2015.7344639"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-88322-7_9"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3005719"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2012.07.003"},{"key":"ref202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12193-021-00364-0"},{"key":"ref209","article-title":"Collection and validation of psychophysiological data from professional and amateur players: A multimodal eSports dataset","author":"smerdov","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2011 00958"},{"key":"ref210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i04.6161"},{"key":"ref211","first-page":"1","article-title":"BIRAFFE2, a multimodal dataset for emotion-based personalization in rich affective game environments","volume":"9","author":"kutt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Data Science Journal"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-10439-8_7"},{"key":"ref50","author":"andreassi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychophysiology Human Behavior and Physiological Response"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2020.3023966"},{"key":"ref218","article-title":"Ethically aligned design of autonomous systems: Industry viewpoint and an empirical study","author":"vakkuri","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv 1906 07946"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2020.2992437"},{"key":"ref219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2023.3276425"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"291","article-title":"Acquiface interface as a device for acquisition of user’s facial expressions in game expression hunter","author":"sugiyanto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Games (CoG)"},{"key":"ref216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139046855.020"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"1","article-title":"BCIManager: A library for development of brain–computer interfacing applications in unity","author":"\u0161kola","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Games (CoG)"},{"key":"ref217","first-page":"975","article-title":"Ethical considerations for player modeling","author":"mikkelsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc AAAI Conf Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780192897879.001.0001"},{"key":"ref214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2018\/779"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-4769-5"},{"key":"ref215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/idpl\/ipab008"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45212-7_20"},{"key":"ref212","first-page":"1","article-title":"Towards a comprehensive model of mediating frustration in videogames","volume":"18","author":"melhart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Game Studies"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-4769-5_17"},{"key":"ref213","first-page":"1641","article-title":"Just an artifact: Why machines are perceived as moral agents","author":"bryson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Int Joint Conf Artif Intell (IJCAI)"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3474667"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"459","article-title":"Emotion in games","author":"yannakakis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Handbook on Affective Computing"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Exploring the affective loop","author":"sundstr\u00f6m","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-41316-7"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3402942.3402958"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Affective loop experiences—What are they?","author":"h\u00f6\u00f6k","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Persuasive Technol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TG.2018.2870876"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Computational game creativity","author":"liapis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc 5th Int Conf Comput Creativity"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2013.6553804"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-57959-7"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00541514"},{"key":"ref222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-63464-3_35"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10458-005-1081-1"},{"key":"ref220","first-page":"494","article-title":"A right to reasonable inferences: Re-thinking data protection law in the age of big data and AI","volume":"10","author":"wachter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Columbia Business Law Review"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII52823.2021.9597417"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2021.3060877"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2015.7344648"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12193-014-0160-5"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2017.8273621"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1877826.1877832"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2019.8925493"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2022.3188851"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021258506583"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2013.92"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2070481.2070485"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCIAIG.2010.2043950"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2009.5349555"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aiide.v6i1.12399"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG52621.2021.9619105"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02247-0_4"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-74889-2_61"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532785xmep0804_2"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1124772.1124925"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-007-9040-y"},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2019.2944808"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-AFFC.2011.6"},{"key":"ref249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG52621.2021.9619107"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TG.2019.2921979"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2018.2879512"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII55700.2022.9953887"},{"key":"ref247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACIIW57231.2022.10085992"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIG.2019.8848123"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-03157-9"},{"key":"ref248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3031549"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000081654"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIG.2014.6932911"},{"key":"ref245","first-page":"267","article-title":"Generic physiological features as predictors of player experience","author":"mart\u00ednez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Conf Affect Comput Intell Interact (ACII)"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2017.8273608"},{"key":"ref125","first-page":"1","article-title":"Strategy detection in Wuzzit: A decision theoretic approach","author":"nguyen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Learn Sci —Workshop Learn Anal Learn Becoming Pract"},{"key":"ref246","first-page":"191","article-title":"Towards generic models of player experience","author":"shaker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Conf Artif Intell Interact Digital Entertainment (AIIDE)"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-020-09548-1"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1496984.1496986"},{"key":"ref254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01042"},{"key":"ref92","author":"lambert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Illustrating Reinforcement Learning From Human Feedback (RLHF)"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogsys.2004.02.002"},{"key":"ref255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACIIW52867.2021.9666317"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3235765.3235780"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/s007790200043","article-title":"SenToy in FantasyA: Designing an affective sympathetic interface to a computer game","volume":"15","author":"paiva","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pers Ubiquitous Comput"},{"key":"ref252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3536221.3556584"},{"key":"ref94","article-title":"GPT-4 technical report","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv 2303 08774"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11550617_26"},{"key":"ref253","first-page":"1","article-title":"Text-to-game: Game engines powered by large language models","author":"gallotta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Games (CoG)"},{"key":"ref250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG51982.2022.9893648"},{"key":"ref130","first-page":"1","article-title":"Who willed it? Decreasing frustration by manipulating perceived control through fabricated input for stroke rehabilitation BCI games","volume":"235","author":"hougaard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Annu Symp Comput -Hum Interact Play"},{"key":"ref251","article-title":"Contrastive learning of subject-invariant EEG representations for cross-subject emotion recognition","author":"shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Affect Comput"},{"key":"ref91","article-title":"The challenge of believability in video games: Definitions, agents models and imitation learning","author":"tenc\u00e9","year":"2010","journal-title":"arXiv 1009 0451"},{"key":"ref90","author":"el-nasr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Game Analytics"},{"key":"ref89","article-title":"The arousal video game AnnotatIoN (AGAIN) dataset","author":"melhart","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv 2104 02643"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-05383-8"},{"key":"ref86","first-page":"124","article-title":"Aesthetic considerations for automated platformer design","author":"cook","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc AAAI Conf Artif Intell Interact Digit Entertainment (AIIDE)"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3450626.3459749"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000011"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCIAIG.2011.2148116"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2851581.2892521"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15892-6_27"},{"key":"ref87","first-page":"35","article-title":"Towards the automatic generation of fictional ideas for games","author":"llano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc AAAI Conf Artif Intell Interact Digit Entertainment"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/325165.325247"},{"key":"ref82","author":"juslin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vocal expression of affect"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1814256.1814259"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1647314.1647324"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCIAIG.2012.2231413"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.70.3.614"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG52621.2021.9619162"},{"key":"ref83","first-page":"220","article-title":"Vocal communication of emotion","author":"johnstone","year":"2000","journal-title":"Handbook of Emotions"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII52823.2021.9597420"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2015.7344619"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIG.2008.5035629"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2005.1521463"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1039539.1039568"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2014.2352268"},{"key":"ref229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2018.668"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/32809"},{"key":"ref109","author":"f\u00fcrnkranz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Preference Learning"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-AFFC.2011.4"},{"key":"ref227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0117-1"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2019.2945014"},{"key":"ref228","article-title":"On the opportunities and risks of foundation models","author":"bommasani","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv 2108 07258"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"11","article-title":"Exploring behavioral expressions of player experience in digital games","author":"van den hoogen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Workshop Facial Bodily Expression Control Adaptation Games (ECAG)"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24600-5_5"},{"key":"ref225","article-title":"Open player modeling: Empowering players through data transparency","author":"zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv 2110 05810"},{"key":"ref74","first-page":"1","article-title":"Frustrating computer users increases exposure to physical factors","author":"dennerlein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Int Ergonom Assoc (IEA)"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24600-5_19"},{"key":"ref226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0113-5"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013365332180"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fict.2015.00013"},{"key":"ref223","article-title":"The Brussels effect and artificial intelligence: How EU regulation will impact the global AI market","author":"siegmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv 2208 12645"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08839510802631745"},{"key":"ref103","first-page":"437","article-title":"Rating vs. preference: A comparative study of self-reporting","author":"yannakakis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Conf Affect Comput Intell Interact (ACII)"},{"key":"ref224","article-title":"Opportunities and challenges in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI): A survey","author":"das","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2006 11371"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24600-5_13"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1102351.1102369"},{"key":"ref232","first-page":"1","article-title":"Toward AI systems that augment and empower humans by understanding us, our society and the world around us","author":"crowley","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"17","article-title":"Emotion sensors go to school","author":"arroyo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Conf Artif Intell Educ (AIED)"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2013.2247823"},{"key":"ref233","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ethically Aligned Design A Vision for Prioritizing Human Well-being with Autonomous and Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.52"},{"key":"ref230","first-page":"251","article-title":"Race and gender","author":"gebru","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1027933.1027968"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2019.8925434"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3458723"},{"key":"ref68","first-page":"47","article-title":"Towards gaze-controlled platform games","author":"mu\u00f1oz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Intell Games (CIG)"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aiide.v7i1.12430"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-008-0240-1"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0026683"},{"key":"ref238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2009.12.004"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2007.02.003"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2019.8925482"},{"key":"ref239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1996.0125","article-title":"The somatic marker hypothesis and the possible functions of the prefrontal cortex[and discussion]","volume":"351","author":"damasio","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phil Trans Royal Soc B Biol Sci"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"225","article-title":"BCI for games: A ‘state of the art’ survey","author":"nijholt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Entertainment Computing—ICEC 2008"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACIIW52867.2021.9666328"},{"key":"ref236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WEVR.2015.7151689"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG51982.2022.9893723"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3512290.3528744"},{"key":"ref237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1640377.1640378"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-10439-8_6"},{"key":"ref113","first-page":"81","article-title":"From RankNet to LambdaRank to LambdaMART: An overview","volume":"11","author":"burges","year":"2010","journal-title":"Learning"},{"key":"ref234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-020-00441-4"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02574-7_17"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG52621.2021.9619065"},{"key":"ref235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9785\/cri-2019-200402"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITW.2010.5593337"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACIIW52867.2021.9666376"},{"key":"ref243","first-page":"23","article-title":"A generic approach for obtaining higher entertainment in predator\/prey computer games","volume":"1","author":"yannakakis","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Game Develop"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3555858.3555879"},{"key":"ref244","first-page":"1","article-title":"A generic approach for generating interesting interactive Pac-Man opponents","author":"yannakakis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Symp Comput Intell Games"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-010-9078-0"},{"key":"ref120","article-title":"Acting with style: Towards designer centred reinforcement learning for the videogames industry","author":"aytemiz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Reinforcement Learn Hum Comput Interact Workshop CHI"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24571-8_68"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1836135.1836143"},{"key":"ref121","article-title":"Generative agents for player decision modeling in games","author":"holmg\u00e5rd","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc FDG"},{"key":"ref242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2663204.2663236"},{"key":"ref240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-2896(93)90010-3"},{"key":"ref168","first-page":"79","article-title":"Predicting purchase decisions in mobile free-to-play games","volume":"11","author":"sifa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc AAAI Conf Artif Intell Interact Digital Entertainment"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2008.06.004"},{"key":"ref170","first-page":"349","article-title":"Research and development tools in affective computing","author":"hussain","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Oxford Handbook of Affective Computing"},{"key":"ref177","first-page":"1556","article-title":"ELAN: A professional framework for multimodality research","author":"wittenburg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc 5th Int Conf Lang Resour Eval"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193159"},{"key":"ref175","first-page":"1","article-title":"‘FeelTrace’: An instrument for recording perceived emotion in real time","author":"cowie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc ISCA Tutorial Res Workshop (ITRW) Speech Emotion"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21437\/Eurospeech.2001-354"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3242671.3242701"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2013.2271738"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2851581.2890247"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2018.00019"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2013.02.003"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2013.6553805"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2013.126"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2015.7344554"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2015.7344640"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376808"},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0077714"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-017-0915-5"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2019.8925519"},{"key":"ref182","first-page":"1","article-title":"CARMA: Software for continuous affect rating and media annotation","volume":"2","author":"girard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Open Res Softw"},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2017.8273594"},{"key":"ref148","author":"koster","year":"2013","journal-title":"Theory of Fun for Game Design"},{"key":"ref149","first-page":"33","article-title":"Difficulty scaling of game AI","author":"spronck","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Intell Games Simulation"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2006.1688444"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3555858.3563271"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG47356.2020.9231658"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2022.3181053"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3555858.3563282"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-92052-8_8"},{"key":"ref151","first-page":"27","article-title":"Biofeedback in gameplay: How valve measures physiology to enhance gaming experience","author":"ambinder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Game Developers Conf"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG52621.2021.9619124"},{"key":"ref150","first-page":"7","article-title":"Extending reinforcement learning to provide dynamic game balancing","author":"andrade","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Workshop Reasoning Represent Learn Comput Games Int Joint Conf Artif Intell (IJCAI)"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2018.2816945"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878119831420"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2018.2840988"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-59147-6_56"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445487"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2022.100515"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3235765.3235797"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG52621.2021.9618902"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2017.2705088"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2021.3119202"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2015.7344627"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3474674"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3474695"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TG.2020.3006053"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG47356.2020.9231614"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3410404.3414227"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-63519-4"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2017.2695460"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2016.2601101"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG52621.2021.9619046"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2020.3039874"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Affective computing","author":"picard","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref1","author":"clement","year":"2022","journal-title":"Number of Gamers Worldwide From 2015 to 2024"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2018.00035"},{"key":"ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(02)00015-0"},{"key":"ref190","first-page":"1","article-title":"The MediaEval 2016 emotional impact of movies task","author":"dellandr\u00e9a","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc CEUR Workshop"},{"key":"ref199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2017.2740923"},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-AFFC.2011.15"},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.248"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2015.7344647"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACII.2019.8925502"},{"key":"ref193","first-page":"1","article-title":"Designing micro-intelligences for situated affective computing","author":"lovei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Workshops Comput -Hum Interact IoT Appl (CHIIoT)"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3452918.3465505"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the IEEE"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/5\/10283866\/10269152.pdf?arnumber=10269152","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T15:15:09Z","timestamp":1698678909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10269152\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":255,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jproc.2023.3315689","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9219","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2256","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}}}