{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T04:31:55Z","timestamp":1775622715406,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Basic Research Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2012CB315801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012CB315801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61133015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61133015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61202411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61202411"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Key Technology Support Program","award":["2012BAH01B03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012BAH01B03"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDA06010303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA06010303"]}]},{"name":"GRF CUHK","award":["413711"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["413711"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jsac.2014.2358857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,18]],"date-time":"2014-09-18T18:39:04Z","timestamp":1411065544000},"page":"1894-1906","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Toward Unsupervised Protocol Feature Word Extraction"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Zhuo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhibin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick P. C.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunjie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaogang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1","article-title":"Inferring protocol state machine from network traces: A probabilistic approach","author":"wang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ACNS"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNP.2012.6459963"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1064212.1064220"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511809071"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-155860869-6\/50038-X"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1177080.1177123"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2014.03.026"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"1","article-title":"SANTaClass: A self adaptive network traffic classification system","author":"tongaonkar","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IFIP Netw"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"1","article-title":"Challenges in network application identification","author":"tongaonkar","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc USENIX LEET"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NOMS.2008.4575130"},{"key":"ref10","year":"0","journal-title":"Video Network Computing"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2011.03.017"},{"key":"ref11","year":"0","journal-title":"Wireshark Network protocol analyzer"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1282380.1282386"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SURV.2009.090304"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-44816-0_20","article-title":"An algorithm for segmenting categorical time series into meaningful episodes","author":"cohen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Discoverer: Automatic protocol reverse engineering from network traces","author":"cui","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Usenix Security"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2012.6135854"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1008992.1009004"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2010.2044046"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bothunter: Detecting malware infection through IDS-driven dialog correlation","author":"gu","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Usenix Security"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2007.231"},{"key":"ref4","year":"0","journal-title":"Link Local Multicast Name Resolution Protocol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jors.2600523"},{"key":"ref3","year":"0","journal-title":"The Bro Network Security Monitor"},{"key":"ref6","year":"0","journal-title":"RFC 5321-Simple Mail Transfer Protocol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2010.04.007"},{"key":"ref5","year":"0","journal-title":"The Network Dump Data Displayer and Editor"},{"key":"ref8","year":"0","journal-title":"SNORT network intrusion detection system"},{"key":"ref7","year":"0","journal-title":"Simple Service Discovery Protocol"},{"key":"ref2","year":"0","journal-title":"Bittorrent—Delivering the World's Content"},{"key":"ref9","year":"0","journal-title":"Tong Hua Shun Financial Services Network"},{"key":"ref1","year":"0","journal-title":"Application layer packet classifier for linux"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"1","article-title":"BotSniffer: Detecting botnet command and control channels in network traffic","author":"gu","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc NDSS"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"354","article-title":"N-gram against the machine: On the feasibility of the n-gram network analysis for binary protocols","author":"had\u017eiosmanovi?","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc RAID"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511574931"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIT.2009.97"},{"key":"ref24","author":"han","year":"2006","journal-title":"Data Mining Concepts and Techniques"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"149","article-title":"Discovery of non-induced patterns from sequences","author":"wong","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Pattern Recog Bioinformat"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1080173.1080183"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2014.6848073"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2012.10.002"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcss.2012.11.004"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NTMS.2011.5720662"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/49\/6969128\/06902777.pdf?arnumber=6902777","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T15:59:20Z","timestamp":1642003160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/6902777\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jsac.2014.2358857","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8716","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}}}