{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T15:54:41Z","timestamp":1782834881957,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013699","name":"German Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) Software Campus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01IS17052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01IS17052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"WWTF Project WHATIF","award":["ICT19-045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICT19-045"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jsac.2020.2999653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T20:22:00Z","timestamp":1591388520000},"page":"1293-1307","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["P4Consist: Toward Consistent P4 SDNs"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4780-9512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apoorv","family":"Shukla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9312-7195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seifeddine","family":"Fathalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4179-4105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Zinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Hecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7798-1711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","article-title":"Compiling path queries","author":"narayana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc USENIX NSDI"},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"71","article-title":"I know what your packet did last hop: Using packet histories to troubleshoot networks","author":"handigol","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc USENIX NSDI"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"469","article-title":"A general approach to network configuration analysis","author":"fogel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc USENIX Symp Netw Syst Design Implem (NSDI)"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2740070.2626304"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2620728.2620756"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS.2018.00085"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2774993.2775066"},{"key":"ref39","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tofino"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"233","article-title":"Simplifying datacenter network debugging with pathdump","author":"tammana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc of USENIX Symp on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI)"},{"key":"ref38","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behavioral Model Targets"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2016.7524333"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS.2018.00055"},{"key":"ref33","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behavioral model repository"},{"key":"ref32","author":"working group","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mri Tutorial"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"499","article-title":"Checking beliefs in dynamic networks","author":"lopes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc USENIX NSDI"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2674005.2675006"},{"key":"ref37","author":"vicisano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Announcing P4Runtime—A Contribution by the P4 Api Working Group"},{"key":"ref36","year":"2019","journal-title":"p4c"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2534169.2486011"},{"key":"ref34","author":"working group","year":"2017","journal-title":"Initial Draft Specification for P4 Runtime"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2015.23064"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3052973.3053039"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2999572.2999605"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"731","article-title":"Highlighting the gap between expected and actual behavior in p4-enabled networks","author":"gray","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc IFIP\/IEEE Int Symp Integr Netw Manage Demos"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"SDN applications","author":"rexford","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Dagstuhl Seminar"},{"key":"ref64","year":"0","journal-title":"Open vSwitch Offload and Acceleration With Agilio CX SmartNICs"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2890955.2890969"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"275","article-title":"Buzz: Testing context-dependent policies in stateful networks","author":"fayaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc USENIX NSDI"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2620728.2620751"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2413176.2413207"},{"key":"ref67","first-page":"15","article-title":"Veriflow: Verifying network-wide invariants in real time","author":"khurshid","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Present 10th USENIX Symp Netw Syst Design Implement (NSDI)"},{"key":"ref68","first-page":"87","article-title":"Libra: Divide and conquer to verify forwarding tables in huge networks","volume":"14","author":"zeng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc NSDI"},{"key":"ref69","first-page":"127","article-title":"A NICE way to test openflow applications","author":"canini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc USENIX NSDI"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2656877.2656890"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2014.2371999"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2413176.2413205"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2716281.2836117"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Experiences with software implemented fault injection","author":"gawkowski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc 20th Int Conf Archit Comput Syst"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/964725.633027"},{"key":"ref23","year":"0","journal-title":"The Anatomy of a Leak As 9121"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-15509-8_26"},{"key":"ref25","year":"0","journal-title":"Cloud Leak How a Verizon Partner Exposed Millions of Customer Accounts"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2015.2398197"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1983.234958","article-title":"graph traversal techniques and the maximum flow problem in distributed computation","volume":"se 9","author":"cheung","year":"1983","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"},{"key":"ref59","author":"turner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tcpreplay Pcap editing and replay tools for* nix"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Inmon corporation’s sflow: A method for monitoring traffic in switched and routed networks","author":"panchen","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref57","year":"2019","journal-title":"Introduction to Vagrant"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Networkx reference release 2.2","author":"hagberg","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref55","author":"biondi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scapy Documentation"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOM.2007.252"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2785956.2787483"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/0201010"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3281411.3281421"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3185467.3185497"},{"key":"ref40","year":"2015","journal-title":"Openflow Spec"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"683","article-title":"Correct by construction networks using stepwise refinement","author":"ryzhyk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc USENIX NSDI"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341216.3342206"},{"key":"ref14","year":"0","journal-title":"Microsoft Misconfigured Network Device Led to Azure Outage"},{"key":"ref15","year":"0","journal-title":"France Seeks Influence on Telcos After Outage"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1355734.1355746"},{"key":"ref16","year":"0","journal-title":"Cloud Leak WSJ Parent Company Dow Jones Exposed Customer Data"},{"key":"ref81","article-title":"Automatically verifying reachability and well-formedness in P4 networks","author":"lopes","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref17","year":"0","journal-title":"CON-ED Steals the ‘Net’"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Renesys Blog: Large outage in Pakistan","author":"madory","year":"0","journal-title":"Blog"},{"key":"ref83","year":"0","journal-title":"Switch Abstraction Interface"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"A survey of network troubleshooting","author":"zeng","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2740070.2626292"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1","article-title":"In-band network telemetry via programmable dataplanes","author":"kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc ACM Sigcomm"},{"key":"ref3","author":"consortium","year":"2019","journal-title":"P4 Language and Related Specifications"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132747.3132764"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"35","article-title":"Netchain: Scale-free sub-RTT coordination","author":"jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc USENIX Symp Netw Syst Design Implem (NSDI)"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3230543.3230548"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3230543.3230582"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"99","article-title":"Real time network policy checking using header space analysis","author":"kazemian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc USENIX NSDI"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3185467.3185499"},{"key":"ref46","year":"2018","journal-title":"In-band Network Telemetry (INT) specification v0 5 and 1 0"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2019.2955790"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"113","article-title":"Header space analysis: Static checking for networks","author":"kazemian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc USENIX NSDI"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2018436.2018470"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1012888.1005733"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNP.2017.8117541"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"526","article-title":"Bruno: A high performance traffic generator for network processor","author":"antichi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Int Symp Perform Eval Comput Telecommun Syst"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"839","article-title":"Brute: A high performance and extensible traffic generator","author":"bonelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc SPECTS"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/49\/9127210\/09109655.pdf?arnumber=9109655","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T14:22:14Z","timestamp":1651069334000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9109655\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jsac.2020.2999653","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8716","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0008","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}}}