{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:48:06Z","timestamp":1778654886175,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61774094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61774094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"China Major S&T Project","award":["2018ZX01031101-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZX01031101-002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jssc.2018.2881913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]],"date-time":"2018-12-19T20:09:01Z","timestamp":1545250141000},"page":"1120-1136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["An Energy-Efficient Reconfigurable Processor for Binary-and Ternary-Weight Neural Networks With Flexible Data Bit Width"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2309-572X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shouyi","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9905-0961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianxun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6388-3419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianyi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiudong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7548-4116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leibo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5117-7920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaojun","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","year":"2018","journal-title":"Face Detection Performed by Thinker-II Chip"},{"key":"ref38","author":"zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"DoReFa-Net Training Low Bitwidth Convolutional Neural Networks with Low Bitwidth Gradients"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"448","article-title":"Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift","author":"ioffe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Mach Learn"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"37","article-title":"An ultra-high energy-efficient reconfigurable processor for deep neural networks with binary\/ternary weights in 28 nm CMOS","author":"yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Symp VLSI Circuits"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3140659.3080254"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3020078.3021745"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-015-0816-y"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"265","article-title":"Tensorflow: A system for large-scale machine learning","volume":"16","author":"abadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc OSDI"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2647868.2654889"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.308"},{"key":"ref10","author":"wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Google&#x2019;s neural machine translation system Bridging the gap between human and machine translation"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSCC.2018.8310262"},{"key":"ref11","author":"gehring","year":"2017","journal-title":"Convolutional sequence to sequence learning"},{"key":"ref12","author":"courbariaux","year":"2015","journal-title":"BinaryConnect Training deep neural networks with binary weights during propagations"},{"key":"ref13","author":"courbariaux","year":"2016","journal-title":"Binarized neural networks Training deep neural networks with weights and activations constrained to +1 or ?1"},{"key":"ref14","author":"li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ternary Weight Networks"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2017.7966166"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7953288"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCAD.2017.2682138"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3020078.3021744"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3020078.3021741"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3061639.3062189"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref27","author":"mathieu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fast training of convolutional networks through ffts"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298594"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.503"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3007787.3001138"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298878"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1764","article-title":"Towards end-to-end speech recognition with recurrent neural networks","volume":"32","author":"graves","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Mach Learn"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2017.82"},{"key":"ref2","author":"simonyan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-scale Image Recognition"},{"key":"ref9","author":"amodei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Deep speech 2 End-to-end speech recognition in english and mandarin"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks","author":"krizhevsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2017.2778702"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVLSI.2017.2767624"},{"key":"ref21","author":"prost-boucle","year":"2018","journal-title":"High-Efficiency Convolutional Ternary Neural Networks With Custom Adder Trees and Weight Compression"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"222","article-title":"An always-on 3.8 \n$\\mu\\text{J}$\n\/86% CIFAR-10 mixed-signal binary CNN processor with all memory on chip in 28 nm CMOS","author":"bankman","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Int Solid-State Circuits Conf Dig Tech Papers"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"216","article-title":"&#x2018;QUEST: A 7.49 TOPS multi-purpose log-quantized DNN inference engine stacked on 96 MB 3D SRAM using inductive-coupling technology in 40 nm CMOS","author":"ueyoshi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Solid-State Circuits Conf (ISSCC)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.435"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2017.2761740"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/4\/8674728\/08581485.pdf?arnumber=8581485","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T21:13:12Z","timestamp":1657746792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8581485\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jssc.2018.2881913","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9200","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-173X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}}}