{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:32:58Z","timestamp":1790620378425,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006602","name":"Air Force Research Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FA8750-15-1-0205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FA8750-15-1-0205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012645","name":"University of Texas at Dallas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Distinguished University Chair in Telecommunications Engineering"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jstsp.2016.2647199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,16]],"date-time":"2017-01-16T22:33:08Z","timestamp":1484605988000},"page":"684-694","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["An Investigation of Deep-Learning Frameworks for Speaker Verification Antispoofing"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chunlei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengzhu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H. L.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Learn\n convolutional neural network for face anti-spoofing","author":"yang","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2015.2398817"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"2097","article-title":"Robust deep feature for spoofing detection&#x2014;The SJTU system\n for ASVspoof 2015 challenge","author":"chen","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Introducing i-vectors for joint anti-spoofing and speaker\n verification","author":"khoury","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"2072","article-title":"Development of crim\n system for the automatic speaker verification spoofing and countermeasures challenge 2015","author":"alam","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"2062","article-title":"Combining evidences from mel cepstral, cochlear filter cepstral and instantaneous frequency\n features for detection of natural vs. spoofed speech","author":"patel","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6638947"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deep learning for spoken language identification","author":"montavon","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc NIPS Workshop Deep Learn Speech Recogn Relat Applicat"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2014.2339736"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2012.2205597"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/89.905995"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2016.7472636"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.specom.2007.07.006"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.specom.2014.10.005"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2015.2462851"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6639067"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"2052","article-title":"Spoofing speech detection using high dimensional magnitude and phase features: The NTU approach for ASVspoof 2015\n challenge","author":"xiao","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Spoofing detection with DNN and one-class\n SVM for the ASVspoof 2015 challenge","author":"villalba","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2013.6712706"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"37","article-title":"Effect of\n impostor speech transformation on automatic speaker recognition","author":"matrouf","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biometrics on the Internet"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2006.244"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1","article-title":"On the\n effectiveness of local binary patterns in face anti-spoofing","author":"chingovska","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Biometrics Special Interest Group"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6639151"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Classifiers for synthetic\n speech detection: A comparison","author":"hanil\u00e7i","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21437\/Odyssey.2016-41"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"2087","article-title":"A\n comparison of features for synthetic speech detection","author":"sahidullah","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ISCA Interspeech"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2015.7358783"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCST.2011.6095943"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2016.7472652"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Re-assessing\n the threat of replay spoofing attacks against automatic speaker verification","author":"alegre","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Biometrics Special Interest Group"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APSIPA.2014.7041636"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2012.2201472"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"930","article-title":"I-vectors meet imitators: On vulnerability of\n speaker verification systems against voice mimicry","author":"hautam\u00e4ki","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"1700","article-title":"Detecting converted speech\n and natural speech for anti-spoofing attack in speaker recognition","author":"wu","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Spoofing\n countermeasures for the protection of automatic speaker recognition systems against attacks with artificial signals","author":"alegre","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2015.7178810"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"A study on spoofing attack in state-of-the-art speaker verification: The\n telephone speech case","author":"wu","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Asia-Pacific Signal Inf Proc Assoc Annu Summit Conf"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2014.6853887"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2010.2064307"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"ASVspoof 2015: The first automatic speaker verification\n spoofing and countermeasures challenge","author":"wu","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2014.2352154"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOSIG.2016.7736933"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.1999.759801"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6639154"},{"key":"ref9","year":"2016","journal-title":"Information Technology Biometrics Presentation Attack Detection I J S Biometrics DIS 30107-1"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Empirical evaluation of gated recurrent\n neural networks on sequence modeling","author":"chung","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"1929","article-title":"Dropout: A simple way to prevent neural networks from\n overfitting","volume":"15","author":"srivastava","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"3750","article-title":"ASVspoof 2015: Automatic speaker verification\n spoofing and countermeasures challenge evaluation plan","volume":"10","author":"wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Training"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift","author":"ioffe","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Human vs\n machine spoofing detection on wideband and narrowband data","author":"wester","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ISCA Interspeech"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"I-vector based physical task stress\n detection with different fusion strategies","author":"zhang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"315","article-title":"Deep sparse\n rectifier neural networks","volume":"15","author":"glorot","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 14th Int Conf Artif Intell Statist"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Theano: A python framework for fast computation of mathematical\n expressions","author":"team","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/4200690\/7927513\/07815339.pdf?arnumber=7815339","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T11:39:31Z","timestamp":1641987571000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7815339\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jstsp.2016.2647199","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-4553","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0484","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}}}