{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T09:35:00Z","timestamp":1770284100143,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Commun. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/lcomm.2018.2868103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T18:31:40Z","timestamp":1535740300000},"page":"2278-2281","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Backpropagating Through the Air: Deep Learning at Physical Layer Without Channel Models"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6939-8884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vishnu","family":"Raj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1530-0140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheetal","family":"Kalyani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref10","author":"o\u2019shea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Approximating the void Learning stochastic channel models from observation with variational generative adversarial networks"},{"key":"ref11","author":"ye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Channel agnostic end-to-end learning based communication systems with conditional GAN"},{"key":"ref12","author":"aoudia","year":"2018","journal-title":"End-to-end learning of communications systems without a channel model"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"482","article-title":"An overview of the simultaneous perturbation method for efficient optimization","volume":"19","author":"spall","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/9.119632"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"kingma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Learn Represent"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2017.2787646"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2018.2792019"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPAWC.2017.8227772"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2017.2757490"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2017.2784180"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPAWC.2018.8445920"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"279","article-title":"Modular learning in neural networks","author":"ballard","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proc AAAI"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2017.2758370"},{"key":"ref9","author":"o\u2019shea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physical layer communications system design over-the-air using adversarial networks"}],"container-title":["IEEE Communications Letters"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/4234\/8528901\/08452950.pdf?arnumber=8452950","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T21:38:23Z","timestamp":1643233103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8452950\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/lcomm.2018.2868103","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-7798","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2558","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2373-7891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}}}