{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T16:02:25Z","timestamp":1780502545606,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-009"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-001"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Annals Hist. Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/mahc.2018.022921443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,19]],"date-time":"2019-03-19T14:22:53Z","timestamp":1553005373000},"page":"48-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Susan Kare: Design Icon"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Eric","family":"Hintz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Smithsonian Institution"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","article-title":"I'm Susan Kare, Graphic Designer, and This Is How I Work","author":"orin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lifehacker"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"Susan Kare","author":"bromberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"I D Magazine"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"The Book of Macintosh","author":"raskin","year":"1979","journal-title":"Making the Macintosh"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Steve Jobs, interview for PBS documentary","year":"0","journal-title":"Triumph of the Nerds"},{"key":"ref31","author":"rogers","year":"1984","journal-title":"Silicon Valley fever growth of high-technology culture"},{"key":"ref30","author":"smith","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fumbling the Future How Xerox Invented Then Ignored the First Personal Computer"},{"key":"ref37","author":"kare","year":"0","journal-title":"Design Biography"},{"key":"ref36","author":"rose","year":"1989","journal-title":"West of Eden The End of Innocence at Apple Computer"},{"key":"ref35","author":"brownlee","year":"2015","journal-title":"MoMA Recognizes Susan Kare The Designer of The Macintosh's Original Icons"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"The Sketchbook of Susan Kare, the Artist Who Gave Computing a Human Face","author":"silberman","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Blogs"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/4127710"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/C-M.1977.217672"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"44","article-title":"Creation Myth: Xerox PARC, Apple, and the Truth about Innovation","author":"gladwell","year":"2011","journal-title":"The New Yorker"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Legends: Susan Kare","author":"edwards","year":"1998","journal-title":"Forbes ASAP"},{"key":"ref1","author":"zuckerman","year":"1996","journal-title":"The Designer Who Made the Mac Smile"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/6.90184"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1476589.1476645"},{"key":"ref21","author":"gaboury","year":"2014","journal-title":"Image Objects Computer Graphics at the University of Utah 1965–1979"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/85.601730"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1499586.1499593"},{"key":"ref26","author":"hiltzik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dealers of Lightning Xerox PARC and the Dawn of the Computer Age"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9781503618367","author":"bardini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bootstrapping Douglas Engelbart Coevolution and the Origins of Personal Computing"},{"key":"ref50","author":"brownlee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pinterest Hires Mac Design Legend Susan Kare"},{"key":"ref51","author":"brownlee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Q&A Susan Kare On Why Pinterest Feels Like Apple In The'80s"},{"key":"ref56","author":"anderson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Distinguished Achievement Award Susan Kare"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9014.001.0001","author":"abbate","year":"2012","journal-title":"Recoding Gender Women's Changing Participation in Computing"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470619926"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9780262033459.001.0001"},{"key":"ref52","author":"ashcraft","year":"2016","journal-title":"Women in Tech The Facts"},{"key":"ref10","author":"malone","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infinite Loop How the World's Most Insanely Great Computer Company Went Insane"},{"key":"ref11","author":"ceruzzi","year":"2003","journal-title":"A History of Modern Computing"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"76","article-title":"Pixel Perfect","author":"vit","year":"2004","journal-title":"How Magazine"},{"key":"ref12","author":"campbell-kelly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Computer A History of the Information Machine"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Susan Kare, Regional Rail and the original Macintosh fonts","author":"kirk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Technical ly Philly"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Interview with Susan Kare","author":"pang","year":"0","journal-title":"Making the Macintosh"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"The Woman Behind Apple's First Icons","author":"crockett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Priceonomics"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Designer Susan Kare'75 Gives Pixels Personality","volume":"6","author":"tobin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mount Holyoke College Vista"},{"key":"ref17","author":"kare","year":"2011","journal-title":"Icons Selected Works from 1983–2011"},{"key":"ref18","author":"hertzfeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"Revolution in the Valley The Insanely Great Story of How the Mac Was Made"},{"key":"ref19","author":"brownlee","year":"2015","journal-title":"What Every Young Designer Should Know From Legendary Apple Designer Susan Kare"},{"key":"ref4","author":"wolf","year":"1990","journal-title":"The Mother of the Mac Trash Can"},{"key":"ref3","author":"quinn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Art That Clicks Icon Designer Strives for Simplicity"},{"key":"ref6","author":"abdullah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pictograms Icons & Signs A Guide to Information Graphics"},{"key":"ref5","author":"caplin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Icon Design Graphic Icons in Computer Interface Design"},{"key":"ref8","author":"isaacson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Steve Jobs"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Women of Design: Influence and Inspiration from the Original Trailblazers to the New Groundbreakers","author":"gomez-palacio","year":"2008","journal-title":"HOW Books"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"Behind the Icons","author":"ronan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lenny"},{"key":"ref9","author":"levy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Insanely Great The Life and Times of Macintosh the Computer that Changed Everything"},{"key":"ref46","author":"budds","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indulge in'90s Nostalgia With These Susan Kare Playing Cards"},{"key":"ref45","author":"kare","year":"2016","journal-title":"About Clients"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"Solitaire Cards, Designed by Susan Kare","year":"0","journal-title":"Areaware"},{"key":"ref47","author":"brownlee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Apple's ‘Pirates of Silicon Vallay’ Flag Gets Rehoisted"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5040\/9781474293921.ch-016"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"The Birth of the Mac","volume":"416","author":"levy","year":"1984","journal-title":"Rolling Stone"},{"key":"ref44","year":"1984","journal-title":"The Computer Chronicles"},{"key":"ref43","year":"1983","journal-title":"Susan Kare Macintosh Commercial"}],"container-title":["IEEE Annals of the History of Computing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/85\/8415723\/08415733.pdf?arnumber=8415733","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T20:42:49Z","timestamp":1668631369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8415733\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/mahc.2018.022921443","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-6180","1934-1547"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-6180","type":"print"},{"value":"1934-1547","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}}}