{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T04:05:29Z","timestamp":1781064329970,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/mc.2020.2983711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T20:22:52Z","timestamp":1593548572000},"page":"88-92","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["21 Years of Distributed Denial-of Service: Current State of Affairs"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1446-5602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Osterweil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science, George Mason University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9888-0592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelos","family":"Stavrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science, George Mason University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref10","author":"smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Extreme DDoS Defense (XD3)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc7094"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2987443.2987446"},{"key":"ref13","volume":"4","year":"2018","journal-title":"[state of the internet]\/security A year in review"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Spamhaus DDoS attack just another day for ISPs","author":"samson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infoworld"},{"key":"ref15","year":"2016","journal-title":"Distributed denial of service defense (DDoSD)"},{"key":"ref16","author":"morales","year":"2018","journal-title":"NETSCOUT Arbor confirms 1 7 Tbps DDoS avttack The terabit attack era is upon us"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23738871.2017.1362020"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-4858(15)30092-1"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Internet traffic 2009–2019","author":"labovitz","year":"0","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Regional Internet Conference on Operational Technologies"},{"key":"ref3","year":"0","journal-title":"Memcached DDoS explained"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-4858(16)30104-0"},{"key":"ref5","author":"kovacs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hosting Provider OVH Hit by 1 Tbps DDoS Attack"},{"key":"ref8","author":"hansen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Slowloris Http Dos"},{"key":"ref7","year":"1996","journal-title":"SCERT advisory CA-1996-21 TCP SYN flooding and IP spoofing attacks"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Why is securing the Internet so hard?","author":"huston","year":"0","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Regional Internet Conference on Operational Technologies"},{"key":"ref1","year":"1999","journal-title":"CERT incident note IN-99-04"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"26","article-title":"Improving secure server performance by rebalancing SSL\/TLS handshakes","author":"castelluccia","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ACM Symp Information Computer and Communications Security"}],"container-title":["Computer"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/2\/9130391\/09130417.pdf?arnumber=9130417","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T19:44:12Z","timestamp":1651779852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9130417\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/mc.2020.2983711","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9162","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0814","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}}}