{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T10:18:42Z","timestamp":1783937922133,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]],"date-time":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Comput. Intell. Mag."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/mci.2015.2405316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]],"date-time":"2015-04-09T18:42:23Z","timestamp":1428604943000},"page":"18-29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":313,"title":["Local Receptive Fields Based Extreme Learning Machine"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Guang-Bin","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuo","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyanaarachchi Lekamalage Chamara","family":"Kasun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Man","family":"Vong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2005.857540"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ALLERTON.2008.4797607"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.1989.118281"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.471375"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Adaptive Pattern Recognition and Neural Networks.","author":"pao","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3477.740166"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2014.2307349"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"460","article-title":"Approximate nonlinear forecasting methods","author":"white","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266466698143013"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4076(93)90122-L"},{"key":"ref60","first-page":"215","article-title":"An analysis of single-layer networks in unsupervised feature learning","author":"coates","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Artificial Intelligence Statistics"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2004.1315150"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1267205"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"1339","article-title":"3D object recognition with deep belief nets","author":"nair","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Advances Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.536316"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/2200000006"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-2312(94)90053-1"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"1137","article-title":"Efficient learning of sparse representations with an energy-based model","author":"ranzato","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Advances Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1553374.1553453"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-2312(97)00062-3"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2014.2350953"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.01.015"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2011.2177182"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459469"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Extreme learning machine with composite kernels for hyperspectral image classification","author":"zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE J Select Topics Appl Earth Observ Remote Sensing"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.554195"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2014.2298235"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2014.10.001"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"On Intelligence.","author":"hawkins","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"92","article-title":"Evaluation of pooling operations in convolutional architectures for object recognition","author":"scherer","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Artificial Neural Networks"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2150704X.2013.805279"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2011.5771385"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"1089","article-title":"On random weights and unsupervised feature learning","author":"saxe","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Machine Learning"},{"key":"ref57","first-page":"1279","author":"le","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Advances Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2753-12.2013"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09868"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8547","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-24-08547.2003","article-title":"Efficacy of retinal spikes in driving cortical responses","volume":"23","author":"kara","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-011-0808-y"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2012.11.011"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2007.02.009"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2007.10.008"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.1992.201708"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2011.2168604"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12559-014-9255-2"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-S8-S10"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2012.07.003"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2011.06.030"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2012.2202289"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2013.2275948","article-title":"Robust model predictive control of nonlinear systems with unmodeled dynamics and bounded uncertainties based on neural networks","volume":"25","author":"yan","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Networks Learning Syst"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2008.926431"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2014.2369892"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2014.2326099"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/323533a0","article-title":"Learning representations by back-propagation errors","volume":"323","author":"rumelhart","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"31","article-title":"Representational learning with extreme learning machine for big data","volume":"28","author":"kasun","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Intell Syst"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2005.12.126"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"985","article-title":"Extreme learning machine: A new learning scheme of feedforward neural networks","volume":"2","author":"huang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Joint Conf Neural Networks"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1968.sp008455"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2006.875977"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"b","author":"poggio","year":"2001","journal-title":"A I Memo No 2001-011 CBCL Memo 198 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00994018"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.661502"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"141","article-title":"Training SVMs without offset","volume":"12","author":"steinwart","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Machine Learning Res"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2010.02.019"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2012.09.020"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"315","article-title":"Using SVMs with randomised feature spaces: An extreme learning approach","author":"fr\u00e9nay","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc European Symp Artificial Neural Networks"},{"key":"ref43","volume":"7","author":"rao","year":"1971","journal-title":"Generalized Inverse of Matrices and its Applications"}],"container-title":["IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/10207\/7083677\/07083684.pdf?arnumber=7083684","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T16:50:59Z","timestamp":1642006259000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7083684\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/mci.2015.2405316","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-603X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-603X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}}}