{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T15:46:56Z","timestamp":1781884016088,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Intell. Transport. Syst. Mag."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/mits.2016.2583491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,18]],"date-time":"2017-01-18T19:43:34Z","timestamp":1484768614000},"page":"90-96","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":519,"title":["Autonomous Vehicle Safety: An Interdisciplinary Challenge"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Philip","family":"Koopman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2014.2306552"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.20255"},{"key":"ref33","year":"2015","journal-title":"Guidelines for safe on-road testing of SAE Level 3 4 and 5 prototype Automated Driving Systems (ADS)"},{"key":"ref32","author":"rupp","year":"0","journal-title":"Autonomous driving A practical roadmap"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/356725.356729"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Legal issues and certification of the fully automated vehicles: Best practices and lessons learned","author":"parent","year":"2013","journal-title":"CityMobil2 Rep"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Autonomous driving pilot study","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tech Rep TSG 2014-1316"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2012.6224757"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2009.932716"},{"key":"ref34","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surface vehicle recommended practice Cybersecurity guidebook for cyber-physical vehicle systems"},{"key":"ref10","year":"1988","journal-title":"System Design and Analysis FAA"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Test oracle automation for V&V of an autonomous spacecraft's planner","author":"feather","year":"2001","journal-title":"AAAI Tech Report SS-01-04"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"43","article-title":"A comparative study of probabilistic roadmap planners","author":"geraerts","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Workshop Algorithmic Foundations Robotics"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2014.2357038"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Hidden obstacles for Google's self-driving cars","author":"gomes","year":"2014","journal-title":"MIT Technol Rev"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DASC.2001.963314"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Malfunction management activity area report for AHS health management","year":"1995","journal-title":"AHS Precursor Task E report"},{"key":"ref17","author":"hume","year":"1910","journal-title":"An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding"},{"key":"ref18","year":"2011","journal-title":"Road Vehicles-Functional Safety"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7249\/RR1478"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298640"},{"key":"ref4","year":"2015","journal-title":"Self-driving vehicles in an urban context press briefing"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1321","article-title":"The coming collision between autonomous vehicles and the liability system","volume":"52","author":"marchant","year":"2012","journal-title":"Santa Clara Law Review"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2014.2336271"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.210303"},{"key":"ref29","year":"2013","journal-title":"Preliminary Statement of Policy Concerning Automated Vehicles"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2013.2262331"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2347736.2347755"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Software engineering for self-adaptive systems: A second research roadmap","volume":"7475","author":"de lemos","year":"2013","journal-title":"LNCS"},{"key":"ref2","author":"anderson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autonomous vehicle technology a guide for policymakers"},{"key":"ref9","author":"dosovitskiy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inverting convolutional networks with convolutional networks"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2014.2360306"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"A case study on runtime monitoring of an autonomous research vehicle (ARV) system","author":"datta","year":"0","journal-title":"RV"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4271\/2016-01-0128"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2013.2278405"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/7474.7528"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"The hurdles facing autonomous vehicles","author":"learner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Automobile"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2012.2189803"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IVS.2011.5940562"}],"container-title":["IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/5117645\/7823043\/07823109.pdf?arnumber=7823109","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T16:12:33Z","timestamp":1642003953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7823109\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/mits.2016.2583491","relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-1390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1939-1390","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}