{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:01:43Z","timestamp":1775692903815,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Micro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/mm.2021.3058217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T04:42:12Z","timestamp":1612932132000},"page":"56-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["The Design Process for Google's Training Chips: TPUv2 and TPUv3"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8882-1174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Norrie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6620-0038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nishant","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7019-1354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doe Hyun","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3478-518X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Kurian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1068-5261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1061-1780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Laudon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2172-1651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cliff","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1765-1929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norman","family":"Jouppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0429-1015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, UC Berkeley Berkeley, CA, CA, USAUSA"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks","author":"krizhevsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.728"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar6404"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3360307"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1498765.1498785"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3079856.3080246"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Multi-node Bert-pretraining: Cost-efficient approach","author":"lin","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Google breaks AI performance records in MLPerf with world's fastest training supercomputer","author":"kumar","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref2","author":"brooks jr","year":"1975","journal-title":"The Mythical Man-Month Essays on Software Engineering"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Mixed precision training","author":"micikevicius","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref1","article-title":"AI and compute","author":"amodei","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["IEEE Micro"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/40\/9388768\/09351692.pdf?arnumber=9351692","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T14:50:55Z","timestamp":1652194255000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9351692\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/mm.2021.3058217","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-1732","1937-4143"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-1732","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-4143","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]}}}