{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T14:29:50Z","timestamp":1784644190495,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Singapore, under its MOE Tier 2","award":["MOE-T2EP50220-0019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOE-T2EP50220-0019"]}]},{"name":"Science and Engineering Research Council of Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore","award":["M22L1b0110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M22L1b0110"]}]},{"name":"LUMS Faculty Initiative Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission through the Horizon Europe Project titled COVER","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101086228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101086228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018693","name":"Horizon Europe Project titled UNITE","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101129618"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101129618"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018693","name":"Horizon Europe Project titled INSTINCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101139161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101139161"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche through the France 2030 Project titled ANR-PEPR Networks of the Future","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NF-SYSTERA 22-PEFT-0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NF-SYSTERA 22-PEFT-0006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ANR-CHISTERA Project titled PASSIONATE","award":["ANR-23-CHR4-0003-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-23-CHR4-0003-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/ojcoms.2023.3349155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T16:34:36Z","timestamp":1704213276000},"page":"599-611","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Efficient Beamforming and Radiation Pattern Control Using Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5477-6195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naveed Ul","family":"Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2512-9989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiancheng","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0772-8793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Di Renzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit&#x00E9; Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSup&#x00E9;lec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systemes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8941-8080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e9rouane","family":"Debbah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer &#x0026; Communication Engineering Department, College of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9307-2120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chau","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2019.2922609"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2001076"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-022-3626-5"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ICN.2022.0005"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3007211"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2021.3051897"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2021.3063236"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2022.3179771"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.001.1900534"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Holographic MIMO communications: Theoretical foundations, enabling technologies, and future directions","author":"Gong","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv:2212.01257"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2022.3176140"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2022.3195536"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2023.3292357"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/3.100281.ch9"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.005.2200487"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2022.3174030"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC45041.2023.10279173"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2023.3288261"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat8084"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-022-00719-9"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.202301938"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.3024887"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2022.3193400"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2021.3118225"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2022.3202813"}],"container-title":["IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/8782661\/10362961\/10379500.pdf?arnumber=10379500","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T13:51:56Z","timestamp":1759240316000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10379500\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ojcoms.2023.3349155","relation":{},"ISSN":["2644-125X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2644-125X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}