{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T03:05:50Z","timestamp":1776481550574,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":219,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009975","name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009975","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/ojcoms.2025.3641307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T18:43:10Z","timestamp":1765219390000},"page":"10365-10402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Survey on GenAI-Driven Digital Twins: Toward Intelligent 6G Networks and Metaverse Systems"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5691-9954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faisal","family":"Naeem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6694-4587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mansoor","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, &#x00C9;cole de Technologie Superieure, University of Quebec, Montreal, QC, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5025-6624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georges","family":"Kaddoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, &#x00C9;cole de Technologie Superieure, University of Quebec, Montreal, QC, Canada"}]},{"given":"Yasir","family":"Faheem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering and Computational Sciences, Canadian University, Dubai, UAE"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8561-5092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8941-8080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merouane","family":"Debbah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer and Information Engineering, KU 6G Research Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9307-2120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chau","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.001.1900287"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOTM.001.2200248"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.019.2200605"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3367976"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2021.3057679"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fi15110348"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3301811"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.011.2100016"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SNAMS60348.2023.10375400"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2024.3411008"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2023.3243918"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3265213"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2024.3349465"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.002.2300564"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2200533"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2021.3108618"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Active ML for 6G: Towards efficient data generation, acquisition, and annotation","author":"Alhussein","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2406.03630"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2024.3362271"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC51071.2022.9771907"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Generative AI for immersive communication: The next frontier in Internet-of-Senses through 6G","author":"Sehad","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2404.01713"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3496491"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3398413"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2400202"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24102968"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2024.3520124"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Generative AI for the optimization of next-generation wireless networks: Basics, state-of-the-art, and open challenges","author":"Khoramnejad","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2405.17454"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCGridW59191.2023.00018"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Large language models in 6G security: Challenges and opportunities","author":"Nguyen","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2403.12239"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Generative AI for secure physical layer communications: A survey","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2402.13553"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2023.10251876"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.004.2200617"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GCWkshp64532.2024.11101058"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2500002"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2025.3526150"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOMWKSHPS65812.2025.11152803"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOMSTD.0001.2000041"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3079510"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.21143"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3215493"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12126258"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2022.3219015"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2200830"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2022.10.031"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Wireless network digital twin for 6G: Generative AI as a key enabler","author":"Tao","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2311.17451"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"Beyond reality: The pivotal role of generative AI in the metaverse","author":"Chamola","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2308.06272"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2300364"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3019590"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JMW.2020.3034648"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.001.1900476"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3446374"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Survey of generative AI in architecture and design","author":"Hakimshafaei","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"A comprehensive survey and analysis of generative models in machine learning","volume":"38","author":"Harshvardhan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2024.3361474"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fi15080260"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-70679-1_5"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/2200000056"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-93158-2_6"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Energy-based generative adversarial network","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv:1609.03126"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"6840","article-title":"Denoising diffusion probabilistic models","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"33","author":"Ho"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV57701.2024.00532"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"1","article-title":"Glow: Generative flow with invertible 1 \u00d7 1 convolutions","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"31","author":"Kingma"},{"key":"ref62","article-title":"A survey of large language models","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2303.18223"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2024.3521498"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPSISA52974.2021.00032"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.3047100"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2022.3191346"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3395352.3402622"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RADAR.2018.8378737"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2023.3279260"},{"key":"ref70","article-title":"Analysis of the generative replay algorithm and comparison with other continual learning strategies on newly defined non-stationary data stream scenarios","author":"Mies","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"1","article-title":"TimePatch: Diffusion on non-stationary and noisy time series forecasting","volume-title":"Proc. ICLR","author":"Seong"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dim.2024.100066"},{"key":"ref73","article-title":"Deep generative model and its applications in efficient wireless network management: A tutorial and case study","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2303.17114"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2021.108149"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-022-04867-9"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/telecom2010009"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08874417.2023.2261010"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMCON.2019.8936224"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PRDC50213.2020.00018"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ispa-bdcloud-sustaincom-socialcom48970.2019.00141"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-021-02566-1"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CNS.2019.8802772"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2019.8737631"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2019.2920268"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2020.102177"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3024800"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3211346"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2022.3163811"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-64793-3_1"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM42002.2020.9348244"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22218085"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MILCOM55135.2022.10017520"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2020.3010330"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSP48669.2020.9320987"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2021.3081509"},{"key":"ref96","article-title":"Exploring the 6G potentials: Immersive, hyper reliable, and low-latency communication","author":"Shamsabadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2407.11051"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.013.2300485"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2024.3356178"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2024.3384500"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOTM.001.2100209"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2025.3528955"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOTM.001.2400042"},{"key":"ref103","volume-title":"Pioneering the future: Generative AI and digital twin integration in 6G networks","author":"Jimmy","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref104","article-title":"A novel generative AI-based framework for anomaly detection in multicast messages in smart grid communications","author":"Zaboli","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2406.05472"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2024.3358980"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCWorkshops57953.2023.10283539"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.002.2200515"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.133.2200447"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-024-13861-9"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2022.3208773"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2023.3321538"},{"key":"ref112","article-title":"WiGenAI: The symphony of wireless and generative AI via diffusion models","author":"Letafati","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2310.07312"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2023.3293650"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/digitaltwin.17720.1"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3421918"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/asi4020036"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JIMSE-12-2020-010"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2022.3171465"},{"key":"ref119","volume-title":"Digital Twin Network\u2014Requirements and Architecture","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref120","article-title":"An abstracted survey on 6G: Drivers, requirements, efforts, and enablers","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2101.01062"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2023.3333822"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3098441"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mnet.2025.3592160"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22114106"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.002.2400476"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3098508"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2025.3553500"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2024.110255"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003306078"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su152216062"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2024.3386030"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2022.3204585"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2019.1900271"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2023.3343626"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2023.3314826"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2021.3077687"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app122412820"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.013.2200296"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.003.2200879"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2022.3197811"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2023.3347172"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2023.103697"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCWorkshops57953.2023.10283649"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app14188558"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/JCIN.2022.9815195"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3133308"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GCWkshps58843.2023.10465218"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2022.3151773"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/979-8-3693-2081-5.ch016"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3269297"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3523327"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2024.3386577"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2024.3418389"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM46510.2021.9685667"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2022.3221991"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MLSP58920.2024.10734720"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MLSP58920.2024.10734744"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2300575"},{"key":"ref159","article-title":"Large generative model assisted 3D semantic communication","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2403.05783"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3381967"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-37920-8_2"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2024.3422348"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2024.3374370"},{"key":"ref164","article-title":"Generative AI meets semantic communication: Evolution and revolution of communication tasks","author":"Grassucci","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2401.06803"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3317629"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2024.3420702"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69474-5"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCWorkshops59551.2024.10615340"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3132305"},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2022.3176316"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2022.3169213"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3278384"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2025.3642841"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2021.3062615"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2300069"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VTC2024-Fall63153.2024.10757495"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOTM.001.2300128"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCSP.2019.8927888"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-024-11163-7"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3373808"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC56721.2023.10293929"},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2023.3273507"},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JCS52304.2021.9376324"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2024.3353265"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2023.3303232"},{"key":"ref186","article-title":"Beyond deep reinforcement learning: A tutorial on generative diffusion models in network optimization","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2308.05384"},{"key":"ref187","article-title":"Generative AI for data augmentation in wireless networks: Analysis, applications, and case study","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2411.08341"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jsac.2025.3610398"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3372060"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2023.3298039"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEECONF60004.2024.10942924"},{"key":"ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2024.3392930"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IOTM.001.2300214"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC51166.2024.10622879"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2400730"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.001.2100338"},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3523324"},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.002.2400224"},{"key":"ref199","first-page":"1","article-title":"Generative adversarial nets","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"27","author":"Goodfellow"},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3396361"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1312.6114"},{"key":"ref202","first-page":"1","article-title":"Generating diverse high-fidelity images with VQ-VAE-2","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"32","author":"Razavi"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2025.3528116"},{"key":"ref204","article-title":"A contemporary overview: Trends and applications of large language models on mobile devices","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2412.03772"},{"key":"ref205","article-title":"Generative semantic communication for joint image transmission and segmentation","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2411.18005"},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app14051825"},{"key":"ref207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3263909"},{"key":"ref208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3302159"},{"key":"ref209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2024.3351441"},{"key":"ref210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3272890"},{"key":"ref211","article-title":"Performance of AI generated content in content marketing","author":"Arshad","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/jilsa.2023.151002"},{"key":"ref213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icte.2024.05.007"},{"key":"ref214","article-title":"Large model agents: State-of-the-art, cooperation paradigms, security and privacy, and future trends","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2409.14457"},{"key":"ref215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-024-4337-1"},{"key":"ref216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TICPS.2024.3524483"},{"key":"ref217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2024.3425594"},{"key":"ref218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2022.3223224"},{"key":"ref219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOMSTD.2025.3632205"}],"container-title":["IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/8782661\/10829557\/11282968.pdf?arnumber=11282968","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T18:44:39Z","timestamp":1766429079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11282968\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":219,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ojcoms.2025.3641307","relation":{},"ISSN":["2644-125X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2644-125X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}