{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:03:45Z","timestamp":1782975825922,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/sp63933.2026.00168","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:34:20Z","timestamp":1782934460000},"page":"2570-2588","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lost in Translation: Text Message Spoofing via Email"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Sumanth","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UC San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Savage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Schulman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey M.","family":"Voelker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enze","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Analysis and Reproduction of Spoofed SMS-DELIVER \u2014 Akaki I\/O","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Src\/com\/android\/messaging\/receiver\/SmsReceiver.java \u2014 platform\/packages\/apps\/Messaging \u2014 Git at Google","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Src\/java\/com\/android\/internal\/telephony\/InboundSmsHandler.java \u2014 platform\/frameworks\/opt\/telephony \u2014 Git at Google","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"3081","article-title":"SPF Beyond the Standard: Management and Operational Challenges in Practice and Practical Recommendations","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 33rd USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Ishtiaq Ashiq"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"Say goodbye to email-to-text and text-to-email","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3517745.3561468"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3564625.3568000"},{"key":"ref8","volume-title":"ipsw","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"4895","article-title":"Extended Hell(o): A Comprehensive Large-Scale Study on Email Confidentiality and Integrity Mechanisms in the Wild","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 32nd USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Blechschmidt"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3167132.3167308"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"2183","article-title":"Composition Kills: A Case Study of Email Sender Authentication","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 29th USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Chen"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3618257.3624827"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485983.3494868"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3241539.3241573"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2815675.2815695"},{"key":"ref16","volume-title":"3GPP TS 23.140: Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS); Functional Description; Stage 2","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"3GPP TS 23.040: Technical Realization of the Short Message Service (SMS)","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"2024 Communications Marketplace Report. FCC 24-136","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"Email to SMS \u2014 Send Free SMS via Email","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2810103.2813607"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"Free carrier lookup service","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc4356"},{"key":"ref23","volume-title":"Google Messages \u2014 Apps on Google Play","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref24","volume-title":"How RCS Business Messaging works","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref25","volume-title":"Cybersecurity Document Library","year":"2026"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SecDev.2018.00020"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1095","article-title":"End-to-End Measurements of Email Spoofing Attacks","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 27th USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Hu"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-56249-5_10"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2019.00038"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2019.23386"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3307334.3326082"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EuroSP57164.2023.00030"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"1243","article-title":"FakeBehalf: Imperceptible Email Spoofing Attacks against the Delegation Mechanism in Email Systems","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 33rd USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Ma"},{"key":"ref34","volume-title":"Getting Your SMS Apps Ready for KitKat","author":"Main","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2016.2580509"},{"key":"ref36","volume-title":"NPA Reports","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref37","volume-title":"Multimedia Messaging Service Encapsulation Protocol","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref38","volume-title":"Internet Message Format. RFC 5322","author":"Resnick","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EuroSP.2017.40"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"3201","article-title":"Weak Links in Authentication Chains: A LargeScale Analysis of Email Sender Spoofing Attacks","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 30th USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Shen"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1280680.1280692"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3636534.3649377"},{"key":"ref43","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mobile Vendor Market Share United States Of America"},{"key":"ref44","volume-title":"T-Mobile USA and MetroPCS To Combine, Creating Value Leader In U.S. Wireless Marketplace","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3471621.3471842"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3615667"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3696011"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978393"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"Google Messages on Samsung S21 Ultra One UI Redesign","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref50","volume-title":"Ensure Picture \/ Video Message does not Exceed File Size Limit","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642027"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485447.3512228"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2024.23113"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"1185","article-title":"A Large-scale and Longitudinal Measurement Study of DKIM Deployment","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 31st USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Email Spoofing with SMTP Smuggling: How the Shared Email Infrastructures Magnify this Vulnerability","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 34th USENIX Security Symposium","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2026.230116"},{"key":"ref57","first-page":"37","article-title":"Can You Walk Me Through It? Explainable SMS Phishing Detection using LLM-based Agents","volume-title":"Twenty-First Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS)","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref58","volume-title":"CoreTelephony","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref59","volume-title":"SMS Gateway. Wikipedia","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref60","volume-title":"SMTP authentication. Wikipedia","year":"2026"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04342-0_11"},{"key":"ref62","volume-title":"Gotta Catch\u2019Em All: Understanding How IMSI-Catchers Exploit Cell Networks","author":"Yomna","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372297.3417257"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CNS56114.2022.9947238"}],"event":{"name":"2026 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","location":"San Francisco, CA, USA","start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]}},"container-title":["2026 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11573355\/11573356\/11573623.pdf?arnumber=11573623","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T05:36:37Z","timestamp":1782970597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11573623\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"references-count":64,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/sp63933.2026.00168","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]}}}