{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T16:24:12Z","timestamp":1778603052029,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"Danish ForskEL programme"},{"name":"Energy Collective Project","award":["2016-1-12530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-1-12530"]}]},{"name":"SFI","award":["16\/IA\/4610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16\/IA\/4610"]}]},{"name":"IOTA Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tac.2019.2950873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,31]],"date-time":"2019-10-31T20:01:54Z","timestamp":1572552114000},"page":"3772-3783","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["On the Stability of Unverified Transactions in a DAG-Based Distributed Ledger"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9195-3880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9572-8122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9239-2499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Shorten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Metamorphic IOTA","author":"bu","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"The Tangle-Version 1.4.3","author":"popov","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CDC.2017.8263852"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/12.641938"},{"key":"ref14","author":"karame","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bitcoin and Blockchain Security[J]"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2976756"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"A survey on the security of blockchain systems","author":"li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elsevier Future Generation Computer Systems"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978341"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Equilibria in the Tangle","author":"popov","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Extracting Tangle properties in continuous time via large-scale simulations","author":"kusmierz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Working Paper"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCE.2018.2816299"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Distributed ledger technology: Beyond blockchain","author":"walport","year":"2016","journal-title":"U K Government Office for Science Report on"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40854-016-0034-9"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSSSM.2016.7538424"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2876766"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giq.2017.09.007","article-title":"Blockchain in government: Benefits and implications of distributed ledger technology for information sharing","volume":"34","author":"olnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Government Inf Quart"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system","author":"nakamoto","year":"0"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigDataCongress.2017.85"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"IOTA-based Directed Acyclic Graphs without Orphans","author":"ferraro","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv 1901 07302"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"The Coordicide","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/9\/9179066\/08889421.pdf?arnumber=8889421","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T16:26:34Z","timestamp":1651076794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8889421\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tac.2019.2950873","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9286","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2523","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2334-3303","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}}}