{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T15:51:42Z","timestamp":1780415502772,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/taes.2013.6494400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,5]],"date-time":"2013-04-05T20:28:43Z","timestamp":1365193723000},"page":"1073-1090","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":216,"title":["Detection Strategy for Cryptographic GNSS Anti-Spoofing"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Todd E.","family":"Humphreys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NAVITEC.2010.5708065"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/7.722708"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"40","article-title":"A multi-antenna defense: Receiver-autonomous GPS spoofing detection","volume":"4","author":"montgomery","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inside GNSS"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PLANS.2010.5507223"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Straight talk on anti-spoofing: Securing the future of PNT","author":"wesson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inside GNSS"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"329","author":"van dierendonck","year":"1996","journal-title":"Global Positioning System Theory and Applications"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2161-4296.2000.tb00204.x","article-title":"Optimum semi-codeless carrier phase tracking of L2","volume":"47","author":"woo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Navigation Journal of the Institute of Navigation"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NAVITEC.2010.5708066"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471200697"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2341-0"},{"key":"ref4","year":"2009","journal-title":"Technical Report"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Anon Vulnerability assessment of the transportation infrastructure relying on the Global Positioning System","author":"john","year":"2001","journal-title":"Technical Report"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/5.9781600866388.0057.0119"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Hardening of civilian GNSS trackers","author":"kroener","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd RIN GNSS Vulnerabilities and Solutions Conference"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1002\/navi.14","article-title":"Practical cryptographic civil GPS signal authentication","volume":"59","author":"wesson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Navigation Journal of the Institute of Navigation"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1542","article-title":"Anti-spoofing and authenticated signal architectures for civil navigation systems","author":"scott","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 16th International Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2003)"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"2608","article-title":"Characterization of receiver response to a spoofing attack","author":"shepard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 24th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS)"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"71","article-title":"Authenticating GNSS: Proofs against spoofs, Part 2","volume":"2","author":"hein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inside GNSS"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"2314","article-title":"Assessing the spoofing threat: Development of a portable GPS civilian spoofer","author":"humphreys","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS 2008)"},{"key":"ref20","author":"van trees","year":"2001","journal-title":"Detection Estimation and Modulation Theory"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"An evaluation of the vestigial signal defense for civil GPS anti-spoofing","author":"wesson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ION GNSS Meeting"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471221279"},{"key":"ref24","author":"moon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mathematical Methods and Algorithms for Signal Processing"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"A testbed for developing and evaluating GNSS signal authentication techniques","author":"humphreys","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref26","author":"luce","year":"1989","journal-title":"Games and Decisions Introduction and Critical Survey"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10291-010-0182-8"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/7\/6494371\/06494400.pdf?arnumber=6494400","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T11:36:39Z","timestamp":1715168199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/6494400\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/taes.2013.6494400","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9251"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9251","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}}}