{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T08:07:24Z","timestamp":1759133244770,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"US National Science Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Affective Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/taffc.2016.2592918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T18:04:39Z","timestamp":1468951479000},"page":"76-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Modeling Multiple Time Series Annotations as Noisy Distortions of the Ground Truth: An Expectation-Maximization Approach"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9277-3718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kartik","family":"Audhkhasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zach","family":"Jacokes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Rozga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1052-6204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shrikanth","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2015.09.003"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"Assessment of a child’s engagement using sequence model based features","author":"gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"WASSS-Workshop on Affective Social Speech Signals"},{"journal-title":"Applied Linear Regression Models","year":"2004","author":"neter","key":"ref33"},{"key":"ref32","volume":"1","author":"bishop","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2014.16","article-title":"Dynamic probabilistic CCA for analysis of affective behavior and fusion of continuous annotations","volume":"36","author":"nicolaou","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1845","article-title":"Using context to improve emotion detection in spoken dialog systems","author":"liscombe","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 9th Eur Conf Speech Commun Technol"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Beyond parental report: Findings from the rapid-abc, a new 4-minute interactive autism","author":"ousley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tech Report No 100"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1990.10474943"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"643","article-title":"Dependence minimizing regression with model selection for non-linear causal inference under non-Gaussian noise","author":"yamada","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc AAAI Conf Artif Intell"},{"journal-title":"M AT Figueiredo","article-title":"Lecture notes on Bayesian estimation and classification","year":"2004","key":"ref34"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"2251","article-title":"A case study: Detecting counselor reflections in psychotherapy for addictions using linguistic features","author":"can","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Annu Conf Int Speech Commun Assoc"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Affective feature design and predicting continuous affective dimensions from music","author":"kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"MediaEval 2014 Multimedia Benchmark Workshop"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2010-574","article-title":"Automatic classification of married couples’ behavior using audio features","author":"black","year":"2010","journal-title":"InterSpeech"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.32.6.1119"},{"journal-title":"Applied Time Series Analysis for the Social Sciences","year":"1980","author":"mccleary","key":"ref1"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"2424","article-title":"The multidimensional wisdom of crowds","author":"welinder","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"771","article-title":"Efficient computation of robust low-rank matrix approximations in the presence of missing data using the l1 norm","author":"eriksson","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2014.2387376"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"The augmented lagrange multiplier method for exact recovery of corrupted low-rank matrices","author":"lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"ArXiv 1009 5055"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1543209"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2647868.2655019"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2014.09.005"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089976699300016674"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04898-2_327"},{"journal-title":"Probabilistic Graphical Models Principles and Techniques","year":"2009","author":"koller","key":"ref55"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1109\/PROC.1976.10159","article-title":"Speech recognition by statistical methods","volume":"64","author":"jelinek","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-5014-9_18"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"1","article-title":"Probability concepts in engineering","volume":"1","author":"ang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Planning"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33786-4_8"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2014.2334294"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-009735-7.50014-1"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1297","article-title":"Learning from crowds","volume":"11","author":"raykar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref13","volume":"46","author":"manolakis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Statistical and Adaptive Signal Processing Spectral Estimation Signal Modeling Adaptive Filtering and Array Processing"},{"journal-title":"Adaptive Signal Processing","year":"1985","author":"widrow","key":"ref14"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x","article-title":"Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm","volume":"39","author":"dempster","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Royal Stat Soc Series B"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2346806"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.139"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"How to grade a test without knowing the answers—a Bayesian graphical model for adaptive crowdsourcing and aptitude testing","author":"bachrach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Conf Mach Learn"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"932","article-title":"Modeling annotator expertise: Learning when everybody knows a bit of something","author":"yan","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Conf Artif Intell Statist"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/6578"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/003465399558454"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"208","article-title":"Predicting clients inclination towards target behavior change in motivational interviewing and investigating the role of laughter","author":"gupta","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Annu Conf Int Speech Commun Assoc"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.11.007"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"3","article-title":"AVEC 2014–3D dimensional affect and depression recognition challenge","author":"valstar","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc of International Audio\/Visual Emotion Challenge and Workshop"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2661806.2661810"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10979-005-6832-7"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2012.08.018"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2512530.2512533"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2002.1017623"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"Fisher’s z-transformation","author":"mudholkar","year":"1983","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences"},{"journal-title":"Regression and the Moore-Penrose Pseudoinverse","year":"1972","author":"albert","key":"ref47"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Face detection and smile detection","author":"huang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IPPR Conf Comput Vis GraphImage Porcess"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2009.42"},{"journal-title":"CSIRO Face Analysis SDK","year":"2013","author":"cox","key":"ref44"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2013.6553776"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/ielaam\/5165369\/8303576\/7516725-aam.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/5165369\/8303576\/07516725.pdf?arnumber=7516725","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T09:05:45Z","timestamp":1718701545000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7516725\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/taffc.2016.2592918","relation":{},"ISSN":["1949-3045","2371-9850"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1949-3045"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2371-9850"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]}}}