{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T20:40:54Z","timestamp":1782938454583,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Artif. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tai.2025.3646956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T18:45:27Z","timestamp":1766429127000},"page":"3839-3849","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Uncertainty Estimation for Graph-Based Learning in Digital Pathology"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8252-3686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saba","family":"Heidari Gheshlaghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4502-8715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasim Yahya","family":"Soltani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoud","family":"Ganji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Shore Pathologists, Milwaukee, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Predictive uncertainty estimation via prior networks","volume":"31","author":"Malinin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Can you trust your model\u2019s uncertainty? evaluating predictive uncertainty under dataset shift","volume":"32","author":"Ovadia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90444-8"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9789811232701_0027"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3412841.3441884"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2023.3337549"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMPSAC48688.2020.0-169"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tai.2026.3688616"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2024.112895"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP49660.2025.10889349"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2021.106291"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/36427"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2022.102655"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2023.102914"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Uncertainty estimation of weakly supervised predictive models for out-of-distribution detection in digital pathology","author":"Dezfouli","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2023.101978"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Predictive uncertainty estimation in deep learning for lung carcinoma classification in digital pathology under real dataset shifts","author":"Fayjie","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2024.1346723"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2023.102321"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13536"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Uncertainty in graph neural networks: A survey","author":"Wang","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aiopen.2021.01.001"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr.2017.10"},{"key":"ref24","volume-title":"Transformer-based unsupervised contrastive learning for histopathological image classification, Med. Image, Anal.","volume":"81","author":"Wang","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-022-00709-3"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2023.104864"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3045390.3045502"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"What uncertainties do we need in Bayesian deep learning for computer vision?","volume":"30","author":"Kendall","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2632-2153\/ad594a"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Accurate uncertainty estimation and decomposition in ensemble learning","volume":"32","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Graph attention networks","author":"Veli\u010dkovi\u0107","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2022.109744"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Inductive representation learning on large graphs","volume":"30","author":"Hamilton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpi.2024.100363"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giy065"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"BRACS: A dataset for breast carcinoma subtyping in H&E histology images","author":"Scognamiglio","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/baac093"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0508-1"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.14585"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2019.05.010"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"1321","article-title":"On calibration of modern neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. (PMLR)","author":"Guo","year":"2017"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/9078688\/11589479\/11311574.pdf?arnumber=11311574","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:39:07Z","timestamp":1782934747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11311574\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tai.2025.3646956","relation":{},"ISSN":["2691-4581"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2691-4581","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}}}