{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T13:20:52Z","timestamp":1769260852068,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22B2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22B2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62272372"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62272372"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62461160259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62461160259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University-China Mobile Communications Group Company Ltd., Digital Government Joint Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Automat. Sci. Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tase.2025.3649996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T20:57:36Z","timestamp":1768856256000},"page":"2361-2377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Securely Answering Multi-Hop Questions on the Joint of Private and Public Knowledge Graphs"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1697-2169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuaipeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baoyu","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Mobile Xiong’an Information and Communication Technology Company Ltd, Xiong’an, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueyang","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Mobile Xiong’an Information and Communication Technology Company Ltd, Xiong’an, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7432-3238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuansi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Mobile Xiong’an Information and Communication Technology Company Ltd, Xiong’an, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linxi","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SpacemiT Company Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5779-6108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pinghui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6396-0610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao-Bo","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2023.3307588"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/d18-1455"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/d19-1242"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3534678.3539289"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.412"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"CBR-iKB: A case-based reasoning approach for question answering over incomplete knowledge bases","author":"Thai","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv:2204.08554"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v39i22.34510"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.findings-emnlp.446"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"24768","article-title":"Debate on graph: A flexible and reliable reasoning framework for large language models","volume-title":"Proc. AAAI Conf. Artif. Intell.","author":"Jie"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"52782","article-title":"Think-on-graph 2.0: Deep and faithful large language model reasoning with knowledge-guided retrieval augmented generation","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.","author":"Ma"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSS.2025.3529946"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2024.3418098"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2023.3340147"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2025.3580940"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00580"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"2787","article-title":"Translating embeddings for modeling multi-relational data","volume-title":"Proc. 26th Annu. Conf. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Bordes"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-1067"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v28i1.8870"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3308558.3313612"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v29i1.9491"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"2071","article-title":"Complex embeddings for simple link prediction","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Trouillon"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.naacl-main.187"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-1054"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"557","article-title":"Knowledge graph embedding by flexible translation","volume-title":"Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Princ. Knowl. Represent. Reasoning","author":"Feng"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3289600.3291014"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"2731","article-title":"Quaternion knowledge graph embeddings","volume-title":"Proc. Conf. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Zhang"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Embedding entities and relations for learning and inference in knowledge bases","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.","author":"Yang"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v30i1.10314"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1522"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"809","article-title":"A three-way model for collective learning on multi-relational data","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Nickel"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"2965","article-title":"Representation learning of knowledge graphs with hierarchical types","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell.","author":"Xie"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"1293","article-title":"Text-enhanced representation learning for knowledge graph","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell.","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1068"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"3140","article-title":"Image-embodied knowledge representation learning","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell.","author":"Ruobing"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3474085.3475470"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3477495.3531992"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"1273","article-title":"Communication-efficient learning of deep networks from decentralized data","volume-title":"Proc. 20th Int. Conf. Artif. Intell. Statist.","author":"McMahan"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3502223.3502233"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.findings-emnlp.43"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3459637.3482252"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-024-06211-5"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52783\/jisem.v10i30s.4893"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSS.2023.3246795"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3507921"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2024.3522025"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-9896-8_6"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-024-05634-4"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-025-01174-x"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-025-01157-y"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3038912.3052583"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1234"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3236187.3236192"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2024.103377"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2024.3523107"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2025.107381"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-025-06313-8"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2025.107225"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6501\/ad0e3b"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3463753"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2025.104159"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/293347.293350"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.12057"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/p16-2033"},{"key":"ref64","article-title":"Large-scale simple question answering with memory networks","author":"Bordes","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv:1506.02075"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1907.11692"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/d16-1147"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref67","first-page":"4057","article-title":"Relevance prompts based knowledge graph question answering","volume":"36","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Softw."}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/8856\/11323516\/11357961.pdf?arnumber=11357961","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T21:02:01Z","timestamp":1769202121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11357961\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":67,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tase.2025.3649996","relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-5955","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-3783","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}