{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:57:12Z","timestamp":1768525032947,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DFG MU 2686\/10-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG MU 2686\/10-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DFG MU 2686\/7-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG MU 2686\/7-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE\/ACM Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/taslp.2020.3030485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T19:51:58Z","timestamp":1602618718000},"page":"2919-2932","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Local Key Estimation in Music Recordings: A Case Study Across Songs, Versions, and Annotators"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2143-4679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christof","family":"Weis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Audio Laboratories Erlangen, a joint institution of the Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU) and Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3033-1703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hendrik","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Audio Laboratories Erlangen, a joint institution of the Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU) and Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6062-7524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meinard","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Audio Laboratories Erlangen, a joint institution of the Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU) and Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","first-page":"341","article-title":"A closer look on artist filters for musical genre classification","author":"flexer","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"628","article-title":"Improvements of audio-based music similarity and genre classification","author":"pampalk","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2009.4959972"},{"key":"ref70","article-title":"Computational modelling of variance in musical harmony","author":"koops","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref76","first-page":"448","article-title":"Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift","author":"ioffe","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Mach Learn"},{"key":"ref77","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"kingma","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Learn Representations"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASPAA.2005.1540223"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-018-3703-y"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"730","article-title":"Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition","author":"simonyan","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Learn Representations"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09298215.2019.1613436"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"37","article-title":"Feature learning for chord recognition: The deep chroma extractor","author":"korzeniowski","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"812","article-title":"A hybrid Gaussian-HMM-deep learning approach for automatic chord estimation with very large vocabulary","author":"deng","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"52","article-title":"Chord detection using deep learning","author":"zhou","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"127","article-title":"Audio chord recognition with a hybrid recurrent neural network","author":"sigtia","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2013.2280218"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"54","article-title":"20 years of automatic chord recognition from audio","author":"pauwels","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"188","article-title":"Structured training for large-vocabulary chord recognition","author":"mcfee","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"178","article-title":"Integration and quality assessment of heterogeneous chord sequences using data fusion","author":"koops","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10844-013-0249-4"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"409","article-title":"A crowdsourced experiment for tempo estimation of electronic dance music","author":"schreiber","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"517","article-title":"Analyzing measure annotations for Western classical music recordings","author":"wei\u00df","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Music Inf Retrieval"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"494","article-title":"Can we increase inter- and intra-rater agreement in modeling general music similarity?","author":"flexer","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc for Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2013.2295926"},{"key":"ref64","article-title":"What's broken in music informatics research? Three uncomfortable statements","author":"salamon","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Mach Learn (ICML) Workshop Mach Learn Music Discovery"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"335","article-title":"Audio chord recognition with recurrent neural networks","author":"boulanger-lewandowski","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1095534.1095544"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"595","article-title":"Automated methods for analyzing music recordings in Sonata form","author":"jiang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Music Inf Retrieval"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"673","article-title":"Four timely insights on automatic chord estimation","author":"humphrey","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref67","article-title":"Constant Q profiles for tracking modulations in audio data","author":"purwins","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Comput Music Conf"},{"key":"ref68","first-page":"1503","article-title":"Towards cross-version singing voice detection","author":"dittmar","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Deutsche Jahrestagung Akustik (DAGA)"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-74851-9_10"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2004.1394598"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"501","article-title":"Local key estimation in classical music recordings: A cross-version study on Schubert's Winterreise","author":"schreiber","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Acoust Speech Signal Process"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"25","article-title":"Automatically detecting key modulations in J.S. Bach Chorale recordings","author":"mearns","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Sound and Music Computing Conf"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"A mid-level approach to local tonality analysis: Extracting key signatures from audio","author":"wei\u00df","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 25th Int AES Conf Semantic Audio"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2011.2175385"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"185","article-title":"Chord segmentation and recognition using EM-trained hidden Markov models","author":"sheh","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"464","article-title":"Realtime chord recognition of musical sound: A system using common lisp music","author":"fujishima","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Comput Music Conf"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09298215.2012.750369"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1312-1315","article-title":"Analyzing chroma feature types for automated chord recognition","author":"jiang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc AES Conf Semantic Audio"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"231","article-title":"Using musical structure to enhance automatic chord transcription","author":"mauch","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2009.2032947"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2012.2205244"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"148","article-title":"A multi-version approach for transferring measure annotations between music recordings","author":"zalkow","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 25th Int AES Conf Semantic Audio"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2016.7471739"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Algorithmen zur strukturellen Analyse von Musikaufnahmen","author":"grohganz","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref55","author":"absil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Musical Anal &#x2013; Visiting Great Composers"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"Schubert Winterreise dataset: A multimodal scenario for music analysis","author":"wei\u00df","year":"0","journal-title":"Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH)"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"264","article-title":"Genre-agnostic key classification with convolutional neural networks","author":"korzeniowski","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2010.2045236"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Symmetry model based key finding","author":"mehnert","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Audio Eng Soc (AES)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/comj.2009.33.1.42"},{"key":"ref40","author":"roig-francol\u00ed","year":"2011","journal-title":"Harmony in Context"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09298215.2011.618543"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"742","article-title":"Global key extraction from classical music audio recordings based on the final chord","author":"wei\u00df","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Sound and Music Computing Conf"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/EUSIPCO.2017.8081351"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"47","article-title":"Musical tempo and key estimation using convolutional neural networks with directional filters","author":"schreiber","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Sound and Music Computing Conf"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/957013.957091"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"468","article-title":"Detection of key change in classical piano music","author":"chai","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"195","article-title":"Localized key finding from audio using nonnegative matrix factorization for segmentation","author":"izmirli","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"141","article-title":"Concurrent estimation of chords and keys from audio","author":"rocher","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"96","article-title":"Musical key extraction from audio","author":"pauws","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"92","article-title":"Estimating the tonality of polyphonic audio files: Cognitive versus machine learning modelling strategies","author":"g\u00f3mez","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2006.870727","article-title":"Precise pitch profile feature extraction from musical audio for key detection","volume":"8","author":"zhu","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Multimedia"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"211","article-title":"Template based key finding from audio","author":"izmirli","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Computer Music Conf"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"115","article-title":"Chroma-based estimation of musical key from audio-singal analysis","author":"peeters","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"21","article-title":"Polyphonic audio key finding using the spiral array CEG algorithm","author":"chuan","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Multimedia Expo"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2008.4517561"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"328","article-title":"Musical key extraction from audio using profile training","author":"van de par","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"429","article-title":"Cross-version singing voice detection in opera recordings: Challenges for supervised learning","volume":"1168","author":"mimilakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Mach Learn Knowl Discovery Databases - Proc Int Workshops ECML PKDD 2019 Part II"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"618","article-title":"Cross-version singing voice detection in classical opera recordings","author":"dittmar","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2007.367348"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"304","article-title":"A robust mid-level representation for harmonic content in music signals","author":"bello","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Music Inf Retrieval Conf"},{"key":"ref42","author":"kostka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tonal Harmony"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gmo\/9781561592630.article.08606"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"205","article-title":"Versions&#x00FC;bergreifende Visualisierung harmonischer Verl&#x00E4;ufe: Eine Fallstudie zu Wagners Ring-Zyklus","author":"wei\u00df","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft f&#x00FC;r Informatik (GI)"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"168","article-title":"Chroma-based scale matching for audio tonality analysis","author":"wei\u00df","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Conf Interdisciplinary Musicol (CIM05)"}],"container-title":["IEEE\/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6570655\/8938144\/09222034.pdf?arnumber=9222034","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T17:31:23Z","timestamp":1651080683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9222034\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":77,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/taslp.2020.3030485","relation":{},"ISSN":["2329-9290","2329-9304"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2329-9290","type":"print"},{"value":"2329-9304","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}